Split utls library

Add uTLS support for shadowtls
Add config check
2025-08-22 09:36:49 +08:00 · 2023-02-21 23:00:30 +08:00 · 2023-02-21 20:48:18 +08:00 · 2023-02-21 19:48:09 +08:00 · 2023-02-21 19:19:47 +08:00
702 changed files with 20941 additions and 25594 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-name: Bug report
-description: "Submit Xray-core bug"
-body:
-  - type: checkboxes
-    attributes:
-      label: Integrity requirements
-      description: |-
-        Please check all of the following options to prove that you have read and understood the requirements, otherwise this issue will be closed.
-      options:
-        - label: I confirm that I have read the documentation, understand the meaning of all the configuration items I wrote, and did not pile up seemingly useful options or default values.
-          required: true
-        - label: I provided the complete config and logs, rather than just providing the truncated parts based on my own judgment.
-          required: true
-        - label: I searched issues and did not find any similar issues.
-          required: true
-        - label: The problem can be successfully reproduced in the latest Release
-          required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: Description
-      description: |-
-        Please provide a detailed description of the error. And the information you think valuable.
-        If the problem occurs after the update, please provide the **specific** version
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: Reproduction Method
-      description: |-
-        Based on the configuration you provided below, provide the method to reproduce the bug.
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |-
-        ## Configuration and Log Section
-        
-        ### For config
-        Please provide the configuration files that can reproduce the problem, including the server and client.
-        Don't just paste a big exported config file here. Eliminate useless inbound/outbound, rules, options, this can help determine the problem, if you really want to get help.
-
-        ### For logs
-        Please set the log level to debug and dnsLog to true first.
-        Restart Xray-core, then operate according to the reproduction method, try to reduce the irrelevant part in the log.
-        Remember to delete parts with personal information (such as UUID and IP).
-        Provide the log of Xray-core, not the log output by the panel or other things.
-
-        ### Finally
-        After removing parts that do not affect reproduction, provide the actual running **complete** file, do not only provide inbound or outbound or a few lines of logs based on your own judgment.
-        Put the content between the preset ```<details><pre><code>``` ```</code></pre></details>``` in the text box.
-        If the problem is very clear that only related to one end (such as core startup failure/crash after correctly writing the config according to the documents), N/A can be filled in for unnecessary areas below.
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: Client config
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: Server config
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: Client log
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: Server log
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_zh.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report_zh.yml
@@ -1,87 +0,0 @@
-name: bug反馈
-description: "提交 Xray-core bug"
-body:
-  - type: checkboxes
-    attributes:
-      label: 完整性要求
-      description: |-
-        请勾选以下所有选项以证明您已经阅读并理解了以下要求，否则该 issue 将被关闭。
-      options:
-        - label: 我保证阅读了文档，了解所有我编写的配置文件项的含义，而不是大量堆砌看似有用的选项或默认值。
-          required: true
-        - label: 我提供了完整的配置文件和日志，而不是出于自己的判断只给出截取的部分。
-          required: true
-        - label: 我搜索了 issues, 没有发现已提出的类似问题。
-          required: true
-        - label: 问题在 Release 最新的版本上可以成功复现
-          required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: 描述
-      description: |-
-        请提供错误的详细描述。以及你认为有价值的信息。
-        如果问题在更新后出现，请提供**具体**出现问题的版本号。
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: 重现方式
-      description: |-
-        基于你下面提供的配置，提供重现BUG方法。
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: markdown
-    attributes:
-      value: |-
-        ## 配置与日志部分
-        
-        ### 对于配置文件
-        请提供可以重现问题的配置文件，包括服务端和客户端。
-        不要直接在这里黏贴一大段导出的 config 文件。去掉无用的出入站、规则、选项，这可以帮助确定问题，如果你真的想得到帮助。
-        
-        ### 对于日志
-        请先将日志等级设置为 debug, dnsLog 设置为true.
-        重启 Xray-core ，再按复现方式操作，尽量减少日志中的无关部分。
-        记得删除有关个人信息（如UUID与IP）的部分。
-        提供 Xray-core 的日志，而不是面板或者别的东西输出的日志。
-
-        ### 最后
-        在去掉不影响复现的部分后，提供实际运行的**完整**文件，不要出于自己的判断只提供入站出站或者几行日志。
-        把内容放在文本框预置的 ```<details><pre><code>``` 和 ```</code></pre></details>``` 中间。
-        如果问题十分明确只出现在某一端(如按文档正确编写配置后核心启动失败/崩溃)，可以在下面不需要的项目填入N/A.
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: 客户端配置
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: 服务端配置
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: 客户端日志
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
-  - type: textarea
-    attributes:
-      label: 服务端日志
-      value: |-
-        <details><pre><code>
-
-        </code></pre></details>
-    validations:
-      required: true
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/config.yml
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-contact_links:
-  - name: Community Support and Questions
-    url: https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions
-    about: Please ask and answer questions there. The issue tracker is for issues with core.
--- a/.github/build/friendly-filenames.json
+++ b/.github/build/friendly-filenames.json
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  "android-arm64": { "friendlyName": "android-arm64-v8a" },
  "darwin-amd64": { "friendlyName": "macos-64" },
  "darwin-arm64": { "friendlyName": "macos-arm64-v8a" },
+  "dragonfly-amd64": { "friendlyName": "dragonfly-64" },
  "freebsd-386": { "friendlyName": "freebsd-32" },
  "freebsd-amd64": { "friendlyName": "freebsd-64" },
  "freebsd-arm64": { "friendlyName": "freebsd-arm64-v8a" },
@@ -21,7 +22,6 @@
  "linux-ppc64le": { "friendlyName": "linux-ppc64le" },
  "linux-ppc64": { "friendlyName": "linux-ppc64" },
  "linux-riscv64": { "friendlyName": "linux-riscv64" },
-  "linux-loong64": { "friendlyName": "linux-loong64" },
  "linux-s390x": { "friendlyName": "linux-s390x" },
  "openbsd-386": { "friendlyName": "openbsd-32" },
  "openbsd-amd64": { "friendlyName": "openbsd-64" },
@@ -31,4 +31,4 @@
  "windows-amd64": { "friendlyName": "windows-64" },
  "windows-arm64": { "friendlyName": "windows-arm64-v8a" },
  "windows-arm7": { "friendlyName": "windows-arm32-v7a" }
-}
+}
--- a/.github/docker/Dockerfile
+++ b/.github/docker/Dockerfile
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
-FROM --platform=$BUILDPLATFORM golang:alpine AS build
-WORKDIR /src
-COPY . .
-ARG TARGETOS
-ARG TARGETARCH
-RUN GOOS=$TARGETOS GOARCH=$TARGETARCH CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
-ADD https://github.com/v2fly/geoip/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat /v2fly/geoip.dat
-ADD https://github.com/v2fly/domain-list-community/releases/latest/download/dlc.dat /v2fly/geosite.dat
-ADD https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat /loyalsoldier/geoip.dat
-ADD https://github.com/Loyalsoldier/v2ray-rules-dat/releases/latest/download/geosite.dat /loyalsoldier/geosite.dat
-
-# chainguard/static contains only tzdata and ca-certificates, can be built with multiarch static binaries.
-FROM --platform=linux/amd64 chainguard/static:latest
-WORKDIR /var/log/xray
-COPY .github/docker/files/config.json /etc/xray/config.json
-COPY --from=build --chmod=755 /src/xray /usr/bin/xray
-
-USER root
-WORKDIR /root
-VOLUME /etc/xray
-ARG TZ=Asia/Shanghai
-ENV TZ=$TZ
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/usr/bin/xray" ]
-CMD [ "-confdir", "/etc/xray/" ]
-
-ARG flavor=v2fly
-COPY --from=build --chmod=644 /$flavor /usr/share/xray
--- a/.github/docker/files/config.json
+++ b/.github/docker/files/config.json
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "inbounds": [{
-    "port": 9000,
-    "protocol": "vmess",
-    "settings": {
-      "clients": [
-        {
-          "id": "1eb6e917-774b-4a84-aff6-b058577c60a5",
-          "level": 1
-        }
-      ]
-    }
-  }],
-  "outbounds": [{
-    "protocol": "freedom",
-    "settings": {}
-  }]
-}
--- a/.github/workflows/docker.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/docker.yml
@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-name: Build docker image
-
-on:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - main
-
-jobs:
-  build-image:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    permissions:
-      packages: write
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Docker metadata
-        id: meta
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        with:
-          images: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/xray-core
-          flavor: latest=auto
-          tags: |
-            type=sha
-            type=ref,event=branch
-            type=ref,event=pr
-            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
-      - name: Docker metadata Loyalsoldier flavor
-        id: loyalsoldier
-        uses: docker/metadata-action@v5
-        with:
-          images: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository_owner }}/xray-core
-          flavor: |
-            latest=auto
-            suffix=-ls,onlatest=true
-          tags: |
-            type=sha
-            type=ref,event=branch
-            type=ref,event=pr
-            type=semver,pattern={{version}}
-      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@v3
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ github.repository_owner }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
-      - name: Build and push
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
-        with:
-          context: .
-          platforms: |
-            linux/amd64
-            linux/arm64
-            linux/loong64
-            linux/riscv64
-          provenance: false
-          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile
-          push: true
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}
-      - name: Build and push Loyalsoldier flavor
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v6
-        with:
-          context: .
-          platforms: |
-            linux/amd64
-            linux/arm64
-            linux/loong64
-            linux/riscv64
-          provenance: false
-          file: .github/docker/Dockerfile
-          build-args: flavor=loyalsoldier
-          push: true
-          tags: |
-            ${{ steps.loyalsoldier.outputs.tags }}
--- a/.github/workflows/release-win7.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release-win7.yml
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-name: Build and Release for Windows 7
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
-  push:
-  pull_request:
-    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    permissions:
-      contents: write
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          # BEGIN Windows 7
-          - goos: windows
-            goarch: amd64
-            assetname: win7-64
-          - goos: windows
-            goarch: 386
-            assetname: win7-32
-          # END Windows 7
-      fail-fast: false
-
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    env:
-      GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos}}
-      GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}
-      CGO_ENABLED: 0
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Show workflow information
-        run: |
-          _NAME=${{ matrix.assetname }}
-          echo "GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}, GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goarch }}, RELEASE_NAME: $_NAME"
-          echo "ASSET_NAME=$_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-
-      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
-          check-latest: true
-
-      - name: Setup patched builder
-        run: |
-          GOSDK=$(go env GOROOT)
-          rm -r $GOSDK/*
-          cd $GOSDK
-          curl -O -L https://github.com/XTLS/go-win7/releases/latest/download/go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip
-          unzip ./go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip -d $GOSDK
-          rm ./go-for-win7-linux-amd64.zip
-
-      - name: Get project dependencies
-        run: go mod download
-
-      - name: Build Xray
-        run: |
-          mkdir -p build_assets
-          COMMID=$(git describe --always --dirty)
-          echo 'Building Xray for Windows 7...'
-          go build -o build_assets/xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-          echo 'CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run "xray.exe -config config.json",0' > build_assets/xray_no_window.vbs
-          echo 'Start-Process -FilePath ".\xray.exe" -ArgumentList "-config .\config.json" -WindowStyle Hidden' > build_assets/xray_no_window.ps1
-          # The line below is for without running conhost.exe version. Commented for not being used. Provided for reference.
-          # go build -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-H windowsgui -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Copy README.md & LICENSE
-        run: |
-          mv -f resources/* build_assets
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/README.md ./build_assets/README.md
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/LICENSE ./build_assets/LICENSE
-
-      - name: Create ZIP archive
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          pushd build_assets || exit 1
-          touch -mt $(date +%Y01010000) *
-          zip -9vr ../Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip .
-          popd || exit 1
-          FILE=./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip
-          DGST=$FILE.dgst
-          for METHOD in {"md5","sha1","sha256","sha512"}
-          do
-            openssl dgst -$METHOD $FILE | sed 's/([^)]*)//g' >>$DGST
-          done
-
-      - name: Change the name
-        run: |
-          mv build_assets Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
-
-      - name: Upload files to Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-        with:
-          name: Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
-          path: |
-            ./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}/*
-
-      - name: Upload binaries to release
-        uses: svenstaro/upload-release-action@v2
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
-        with:
-          repo_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-          file: ./Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}.zip*
-          tag: ${{ github.ref }}
-          file_glob: true
--- a/.github/workflows/release.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/release.yml
@@ -5,9 +5,20 @@ on:
  release:
    types: [published]
  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"
  pull_request:
    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
-
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"
 jobs:
  build:
    permissions:
@@ -15,15 +26,16 @@ jobs:
    strategy:
      matrix:
        # Include amd64 on all platforms.
-        goos: [windows, freebsd, openbsd, linux, darwin]
+        goos: [windows, freebsd, openbsd, linux, dragonfly, darwin]
        goarch: [amd64, 386]
-        patch-assetname: [""]
        exclude:
-          # Exclude i386 on darwin
+          # Exclude i386 on darwin and dragonfly.
+          - goarch: 386
+            goos: dragonfly
          - goarch: 386
            goos: darwin
        include:
-          # BEGIN MacOS ARM64
+          # BEIGIN MacOS ARM64
          - goos: darwin
            goarch: arm64
          # END MacOS ARM64
@@ -49,14 +61,12 @@ jobs:
            goarch: arm
            goarm: 7
          # BEGIN Other architectures
-          # BEGIN riscv64 & ARM64 & LOONG64
+          # BEGIN riscv64 & ARM64
          - goos: linux
            goarch: arm64
          - goos: linux
            goarch: riscv64
-          - goos: linux
-            goarch: loong64
-          # END riscv64 & ARM64 & LOONG64
+          # END riscv64 & ARM64
          # BEGIN MIPS
          - goos: linux
            goarch: mips64
@@ -102,58 +112,76 @@ jobs:
      CGO_ENABLED: 0
    steps:
      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3

-      - name: Show workflow information
+      - name: Show workflow information 
        run: |
-          _NAME=${{ matrix.patch-assetname }}
-          [ -n "$_NAME" ] || _NAME=$(jq ".[\"$GOOS-$GOARCH$GOARM$GOMIPS\"].friendlyName" -r < .github/build/friendly-filenames.json)
+          export _NAME=$(jq ".[\"$GOOS-$GOARCH$GOARM$GOMIPS\"].friendlyName" -r < .github/build/friendly-filenames.json)
          echo "GOOS: $GOOS, GOARCH: $GOARCH, GOARM: $GOARM, GOMIPS: $GOMIPS, RELEASE_NAME: $_NAME"
          echo "ASSET_NAME=$_NAME" >> $GITHUB_ENV

      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v3
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.20'
          check-latest: true

      - name: Get project dependencies
        run: go mod download
      
+      - name: Replace Custom to Commit ID
+        if: github.event_name != 'release'
+        run: |
+          ID=$(git rev-parse --short ${{ github.sha }})
+          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" == 'pull_request' ]
+          then
+            ID=$(git rev-parse --short ${{ github.event.pull_request.head.sha }})
+          fi
+          sed -i '/build/ s/Custom/'$ID'/' ./core/core.go
+ 
      - name: Build Xray
        run: |
          mkdir -p build_assets
-          COMMID=$(git describe --always --dirty)
-          if [[ ${GOOS} == 'windows' ]]; then
-            echo 'Building Xray for Windows...'
-            go build -o build_assets/xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            echo 'CreateObject("Wscript.Shell").Run "xray.exe -config config.json",0' > build_assets/xray_no_window.vbs
-            echo 'Start-Process -FilePath ".\xray.exe" -ArgumentList "-config .\config.json" -WindowStyle Hidden' > build_assets/xray_no_window.ps1
-            # The line below is for without running conhost.exe version. Commented for not being used. Provided for reference.
-            # go build -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-H windowsgui -X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-          else
-            echo 'Building Xray...'
-            go build -o build_assets/xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            if [[ ${GOARCH} == 'mips' || ${GOARCH} == 'mipsle' ]]; then
-              echo 'Building soft-float Xray for MIPS/MIPSLE 32-bit...'
-              GOMIPS=softfloat go build -o build_assets/xray_softfloat -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=${COMMID} -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-            fi
-          fi
+          go build -v -o build_assets/xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main

-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Copy README.md & LICENSE
+      - name: Build background Xray on Windows 
+        if: matrix.goos == 'windows'
        run: |
-          mv -f resources/* build_assets
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/README.md ./build_assets/README.md
-          cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/LICENSE ./build_assets/LICENSE
+          go build -v -o build_assets/wxray.exe -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -H windowsgui -buildid=" ./main
+    
+      - name: Build Mips softfloat Xray
+        if: matrix.goarch == 'mips' || matrix.goarch == 'mipsle'
+        run: |
+          GOMIPS=softfloat go build -v -o build_assets/xray_softfloat -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
+
+      - name: Rename Windows Xray
+        if: matrix.goos == 'windows'
+        run: |
+          cd ./build_assets || exit 1
+          mv xray xray.exe
+
+      - name: Prepare to release
+        uses: nick-fields/retry@v2
+        with:
+          timeout_minutes: 60
+          retry_wait_seconds: 60
+          max_attempts: 60
+          command: |
+            cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/README.md ./build_assets/README.md
+            cp ${GITHUB_WORKSPACE}/LICENSE ./build_assets/LICENSE
+            LIST=('geoip geoip geoip' 'domain-list-community dlc geosite')
+            for i in "${LIST[@]}"
+            do
+              INFO=($(echo $i | awk 'BEGIN{FS=" ";OFS=" "} {print $1,$2,$3}'))
+              FILE_NAME="${INFO[2]}.dat"
+              echo -e "Downloading https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat..."
+              curl -L "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat" -o ./build_assets/${FILE_NAME}
+              echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
+              HASH="$(curl -sL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/v2fly/${INFO[0]}/release/${INFO[1]}.dat.sha256sum" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
+              [ "$(sha256sum "./build_assets/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ] || { echo -e "The HASH key of ${FILE_NAME} does not match cloud one."; exit 1; }
+            done

      - name: Create ZIP archive
-        if: github.event_name == 'release'
        shell: bash
        run: |
          pushd build_assets || exit 1
@@ -172,7 +200,7 @@ jobs:
          mv build_assets Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}

      - name: Upload files to Artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v3
        with:
          name: Xray-${{ env.ASSET_NAME }}
          path: |
--- a/.github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml
@@ -1,65 +0,0 @@
-name: Scheduled assets update
-
-# NOTE: This Github Actions is required by other actions, for preparing other packaging assets in a 
-#       routine manner, for example: GeoIP/GeoSite.
-#       Currently updating:
-#       - Geodat (GeoIP/Geosite)
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  schedule:
-    # Update GeoData on every day (22:30 UTC)
-    - cron: '30 22 * * *'
-  push:
-    # Prevent triggering update request storm
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml"
-  pull_request:
-    # Prevent triggering update request storm
-    paths:
-      - ".github/workflows/scheduled-assets-update.yml"
-
-jobs:
-  geodat:
-    if: github.event.schedule == '30 22 * * *' || github.event_name == 'push'|| github.event_name == 'pull_request' || github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-
-      - name: Update Geodat
-        id: update
-        uses: nick-fields/retry@v3
-        with:
-          timeout_minutes: 60
-          retry_wait_seconds: 60
-          max_attempts: 60
-          command: |
-            [ -d 'resources' ] || mkdir resources
-            LIST=('Loyalsoldier v2ray-rules-dat geoip geoip' 'Loyalsoldier v2ray-rules-dat geosite geosite')
-            for i in "${LIST[@]}"
-            do
-              INFO=($(echo $i | awk 'BEGIN{FS=" ";OFS=" "} {print $1,$2,$3,$4}'))
-              FILE_NAME="${INFO[3]}.dat"
-              echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
-              HASH="$(curl -sL "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat.sha256sum" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')"
-              if [ -s "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" ] && [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ]; then
-                  continue
-              else
-                  echo -e "Downloading https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat..."
-                  curl -L "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/${INFO[0]}/${INFO[1]}/release/${INFO[2]}.dat" -o ./resources/${FILE_NAME}
-                  echo -e "Verifying HASH key..."
-                  [ "$(sha256sum "./resources/${FILE_NAME}" | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}')" == "${HASH}" ] || { echo -e "The HASH key of ${FILE_NAME} does not match cloud one."; exit 1; }
-                  echo "unhit=true" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-              fi
-            done
-
-      - name: Save Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/save@v4
-        if: ${{ steps.update.outputs.unhit }}
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-${{ github.sha }}-${{ github.run_number }}
--- a/.github/workflows/test.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/test.yml
@@ -2,8 +2,20 @@ name: Test

 on:
  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"
  pull_request:
    types: [opened, synchronize, reopened]
+    paths:
+      - "**/*.go"
+      - "go.mod"
+      - "go.sum"
+      - ".github/workflows/*.yml"

 jobs:
  test:
@@ -15,18 +27,25 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        os: [windows-latest, ubuntu-latest, macos-latest]
    steps:
-      - name: Checkout codebase
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
      - name: Set up Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v3
        with:
-          go-version-file: go.mod
+          go-version: '1.20'
          check-latest: true
-      - name: Restore Geodat Cache
-        uses: actions/cache/restore@v4
-        with:
-          path: resources
-          key: xray-geodat-
-          enableCrossOsArchive: true
+      - name: Checkout codebase
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+
+      - name: Prepare geo*dat
+        if: ${{ matrix.os != 'windows-latest' }}
+        run: |
+          mkdir resources
+          wget -O ./resources/geoip.dat https://github.com/v2fly/geoip/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat
+          wget -O ./resources/geosite.dat https://github.com/v2fly/domain-list-community/releases/latest/download/dlc.dat
+      - name: Prepare geo*dat for Windows
+        if: ${{ matrix.os == 'windows-latest' }}
+        run: |
+          mkdir resources
+          Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/v2fly/geoip/releases/latest/download/geoip.dat" -OutFile "./resources/geoip.dat"
+          Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "https://github.com/v2fly/domain-list-community/releases/latest/download/dlc.dat" -OutFile "./resources/geosite.dat"
      - name: Test
        run: go test -timeout 1h -v ./...
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@
 *.zip
 *.tar.gz
 xray
-xray_softfloat
 mockgen
 vprotogen
 !infra/vprotogen/
@@ -27,7 +26,3 @@ errorgen
 !common/errors/errorgen/
 *.dat
 .vscode
-/build_assets
-
-# Output from dlv test
-**/debug.*
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -1,22 +1,92 @@
 # Project X

-[Project X](https://github.com/XTLS) originates from XTLS protocol, providing a set of network tools such as [Xray-core](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core) and [REALITY](https://github.com/XTLS/REALITY).
-
-[README](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core#readme) is open, so feel free to submit your project [here](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pulls).
-
-## Donation & NFTs
-
- **ETH/USDT/USDC: `0xDc3Fe44F0f25D13CACb1C4896CD0D321df3146Ee`**
- **Project X NFT: [Announcement of NFTs by Project X](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/3633)**
- **REALITY NFT: [XHTTP: Beyond REALITY](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/discussions/4113)**
+[Project X](https://github.com/XTLS) originates from XTLS protocol, provides a set of network tools such as [Xray-core](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core).

 ## License

 [Mozilla Public License Version 2.0](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/LICENSE)

-## Documentation
+## Installation

-[Project X Official Website](https://xtls.github.io)
+- Linux Script
+  - [Xray-install](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-install)
+  - [Xray-script](https://github.com/kirin10000/Xray-script)
+- Docker
+  - [teddysun/xray](https://hub.docker.com/r/teddysun/xray)
+- One Click
+  - [ProxySU](https://github.com/proxysu/ProxySU)
+  - [v2ray-agent](https://github.com/mack-a/v2ray-agent)
+  - [Xray-yes](https://github.com/jiuqi9997/Xray-yes)
+  - [Xray_onekey](https://github.com/wulabing/Xray_onekey)
+- Magisk
+  - [Xray4Magisk](https://github.com/CerteKim/Xray4Magisk)
+  - [Xray_For_Magisk](https://github.com/E7KMbb/Xray_For_Magisk)
+- Homebrew
+  - `brew install xray`
+  - [(Tap) Repository 0](https://github.com/N4FA/homebrew-xray)
+  - [(Tap) Repository 1](https://github.com/xiruizhao/homebrew-xray)
+
+## Contributing
+[Code Of Conduct](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
+
+## Usage
+
+[Xray-examples](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-examples) / [VLESS-TCP-XTLS-WHATEVER](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-examples/tree/main/VLESS-TCP-XTLS-WHATEVER)
+
+## GUI Clients
+
+- OpenWrt
+  - [PassWall](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall)
+  - [Hello World](https://github.com/jerrykuku/luci-app-vssr)
+  - [ShadowSocksR Plus+](https://github.com/fw876/helloworld)
+  - [luci-app-xray](https://github.com/yichya/luci-app-xray) ([openwrt-xray](https://github.com/yichya/openwrt-xray))
+- Windows
+  - [v2rayN](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN)
+  - [Qv2ray](https://github.com/Qv2ray/Qv2ray) (This project had been archived and currently inactive)
+  - [Netch (NetFilter & TUN/TAP)](https://github.com/NetchX/Netch) (This project had been archived and currently inactive)
+- Android
+  - [v2rayNG](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayNG)
+  - [Kitsunebi](https://github.com/rurirei/Kitsunebi/tree/release_xtls)
+- iOS & macOS (with M1 chip)
+  - [Shadowrocket](https://apps.apple.com/app/shadowrocket/id932747118)
+  - [Stash](https://apps.apple.com/app/stash/id1596063349)
+- macOS (Intel chip & M1 chip)
+  - [Qv2ray](https://github.com/Qv2ray/Qv2ray) (This project had been archived and currently inactive)
+  - [V2RayXS](https://github.com/tzmax/V2RayXS)
+
+## Credits
+
+This repo relies on the following third-party projects:
+
+- Special thanks:
+  - [v2fly/v2ray-core](https://github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core)
+- In production:
+  - [ghodss/yaml](https://github.com/ghodss/yaml)
+  - [gorilla/websocket](https://github.com/gorilla/websocket)
+  - [quic-go/quic-go](https://github.com/quic-go/quic-go)
+  - [pelletier/go-toml](https://github.com/pelletier/go-toml)
+  - [pires/go-proxyproto](https://github.com/pires/go-proxyproto)
+  - [refraction-networking/utls](https://github.com/refraction-networking/utls)
+  - [seiflotfy/cuckoofilter](https://github.com/seiflotfy/cuckoofilter)
+  - [google/starlark-go](https://github.com/google/starlark-go)
+- For testing only:
+  - [miekg/dns](https://github.com/miekg/dns)
+  - [stretchr/testify](https://github.com/stretchr/testify)
+  - [h12w/socks](https://github.com/h12w/socks)
+
+## Compilation
+
+### Windows
+
+```bash
+go build -o xray.exe -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
+```
+
+### Linux / macOS
+
+```bash
+go build -o xray -trimpath -ldflags "-s -w -buildid=" ./main
+```

 ## Telegram

@@ -24,131 +94,6 @@

 [Project X Channel](https://t.me/projectXtls)

-[Project VLESS](https://t.me/projectVless) (Русский)
-
-[Project XHTTP](https://t.me/projectXhttp) (Persian)
-
-## Installation
-
- Linux Script
-  - [XTLS/Xray-install](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-install) (**Official**)
-  - [tempest](https://github.com/team-cloudchaser/tempest) (supports [`systemd`](https://systemd.io) and [OpenRC](https://github.com/OpenRC/openrc); Linux-only)
- Docker
-  - [ghcr.io/xtls/xray-core](https://ghcr.io/xtls/xray-core) (**Official**)
-  - [teddysun/xray](https://hub.docker.com/r/teddysun/xray)
-  - [wulabing/xray_docker](https://github.com/wulabing/xray_docker)
- Web Panel - **WARNING: Please DO NOT USE plain HTTP panels like 3X-UI**, as they are believed to be bribed by Iran GFW for supporting plain HTTP by default and refused to change (https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/pull/3884#issuecomment-2439595331), which has already put many users' data security in danger in the past few years. **If you are already using 3X-UI, please switch to the following panels, which are verified to support HTTPS and SSH port forwarding only:**
-  - [Marzban](https://github.com/Gozargah/Marzban)
-  - [Xray-UI](https://github.com/qist/xray-ui)
-  - [Hiddify](https://github.com/hiddify/Hiddify-Manager)
- One Click
-  - [Xray-REALITY](https://github.com/zxcvos/Xray-script), [xray-reality](https://github.com/sajjaddg/xray-reality), [reality-ezpz](https://github.com/aleskxyz/reality-ezpz)
-  - [Xray_bash_onekey](https://github.com/hello-yunshu/Xray_bash_onekey), [XTool](https://github.com/LordPenguin666/XTool)
-  - [v2ray-agent](https://github.com/mack-a/v2ray-agent), [Xray_onekey](https://github.com/wulabing/Xray_onekey), [ProxySU](https://github.com/proxysu/ProxySU)
- Magisk
-  - [Xray4Magisk](https://github.com/Asterisk4Magisk/Xray4Magisk)
-  - [Xray_For_Magisk](https://github.com/E7KMbb/Xray_For_Magisk)
- Homebrew
-  - `brew install xray`
-
-## Usage
-
- Example
-  - [VLESS-XTLS-uTLS-REALITY](https://github.com/XTLS/REALITY#readme)
-  - [VLESS-TCP-XTLS-Vision](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-examples/tree/main/VLESS-TCP-XTLS-Vision)
-  - [All-in-One-fallbacks-Nginx](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-examples/tree/main/All-in-One-fallbacks-Nginx)
- Xray-examples
-  - [XTLS/Xray-examples](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-examples)
-  - [chika0801/Xray-examples](https://github.com/chika0801/Xray-examples)
-  - [lxhao61/integrated-examples](https://github.com/lxhao61/integrated-examples)
- Tutorial
-  - [XTLS Vision](https://github.com/chika0801/Xray-install)
-  - [REALITY (English)](https://cscot.pages.dev/2023/03/02/Xray-REALITY-tutorial/)
-  - [XTLS-Iran-Reality (English)](https://github.com/SasukeFreestyle/XTLS-Iran-Reality)
-  - [Xray REALITY with 'steal oneself' (English)](https://computerscot.github.io/vless-xtls-utls-reality-steal-oneself.html)
-  - [Xray with WireGuard inbound (English)](https://g800.pages.dev/wireguard)
-
-## GUI Clients
-
- OpenWrt
-  - [PassWall](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall), [PassWall 2](https://github.com/xiaorouji/openwrt-passwall2)
-  - [ShadowSocksR Plus+](https://github.com/fw876/helloworld)
-  - [luci-app-xray](https://github.com/yichya/luci-app-xray) ([openwrt-xray](https://github.com/yichya/openwrt-xray))
- Asuswrt-Merlin
-  - [XRAYUI](https://github.com/DanielLavrushin/asuswrt-merlin-xrayui)
- Windows
-  - [v2rayN](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayN)
-  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-  - [Invisible Man - Xray](https://github.com/InvisibleManVPN/InvisibleMan-XRayClient)
- Android
-  - [v2rayNG](https://github.com/2dust/v2rayNG)
-  - [X-flutter](https://github.com/XTLS/X-flutter)
-  - [SaeedDev94/Xray](https://github.com/SaeedDev94/Xray)
- iOS & macOS arm64
-  - [FoXray](https://apps.apple.com/app/foxray/id6448898396)
-  - [Streisand](https://apps.apple.com/app/streisand/id6450534064)
- macOS arm64 & x64
-  - [V2rayU](https://github.com/yanue/V2rayU)
-  - [V2RayXS](https://github.com/tzmax/V2RayXS)
-  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-  - [FoXray](https://apps.apple.com/app/foxray/id6448898396)
- Linux
-  - [v2rayA](https://github.com/v2rayA/v2rayA)
-  - [Furious](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Furious)
-
-## Others that support VLESS, XTLS, REALITY, XUDP, PLUX...
-
- iOS & macOS arm64
-  - [Shadowrocket](https://apps.apple.com/app/shadowrocket/id932747118)
- Xray Tools
-  - [xray-knife](https://github.com/lilendian0x00/xray-knife)
-  - [xray-checker](https://github.com/kutovoys/xray-checker)
- Xray Wrapper
-  - [XTLS/libXray](https://github.com/XTLS/libXray)
-  - [xtlsapi](https://github.com/hiddify/xtlsapi)
-  - [AndroidLibXrayLite](https://github.com/2dust/AndroidLibXrayLite)
-  - [Xray-core-python](https://github.com/LorenEteval/Xray-core-python)
-  - [xray-api](https://github.com/XVGuardian/xray-api)
- [XrayR](https://github.com/XrayR-project/XrayR)
-  - [XrayR-release](https://github.com/XrayR-project/XrayR-release)
-  - [XrayR-V2Board](https://github.com/missuo/XrayR-V2Board)
- [Clash.Meta](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/Clash.Meta)
-  - [clashN](https://github.com/2dust/clashN)
-  - [Clash Meta for Android](https://github.com/MetaCubeX/ClashMetaForAndroid)
- [sing-box](https://github.com/SagerNet/sing-box)
-
-## Contributing
-
-[Code of Conduct](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
-
-## Credits
-
- [Xray-core v1.0.0](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases/tag/v1.0.0) was forked from [v2fly-core 9a03cc5](https://github.com/v2fly/v2ray-core/commit/9a03cc5c98d04cc28320fcee26dbc236b3291256), and we have made & accumulated a huge number of enhancements over time, check [the release notes for each version](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/releases).
- For third-party projects used in [Xray-core](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core), check your local or [the latest go.mod](https://github.com/XTLS/Xray-core/blob/main/go.mod).
-
-## One-line Compilation
-
-### Windows (PowerShell)
-
-```powershell
-$env:CGO_ENABLED=0
-go build -o xray.exe -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-```
-
-### Linux / macOS
-
-```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-```
-
-### Reproducible Releases
-
-Make sure that you are using the same Go version, and remember to set the git commit id (7 bytes):
-
-```bash
-CGO_ENABLED=0 go build -o xray -trimpath -buildvcs=false -ldflags="-X github.com/xtls/xray-core/core.build=REPLACE -s -w -buildid=" -v ./main
-```
-
 ## Stargazers over time

 [![Stargazers over time](https://starchart.cc/XTLS/Xray-core.svg)](https://starchart.cc/XTLS/Xray-core)
--- a/app/commander/commander.go
+++ b/app/commander/commander.go
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 package commander

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"net"
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
 	core "github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
@@ -20,14 +21,12 @@ type Commander struct {
 	services []Service
 	ohm      outbound.Manager
 	tag      string
-	listen   string
 }

 // NewCommander creates a new Commander based on the given config.
 func NewCommander(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Commander, error) {
 	c := &Commander{
-		tag:    config.Tag,
-		listen: config.Listen,
+		tag: config.Tag,
 	}

 	common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager) {
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@ func NewCommander(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Commander, error) {
 		}
 		service, ok := rawService.(Service)
 		if !ok {
-			return nil, errors.New("not a Service.")
+			return nil, newError("not a Service.")
 		}
 		c.services = append(c.services, service)
 	}
@@ -67,32 +66,19 @@ func (c *Commander) Start() error {
 	}
 	c.Unlock()

-	var listen = func(listener net.Listener) {
-		if err := c.server.Serve(listener); err != nil {
-			errors.LogErrorInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to start grpc server")
-		}
-	}
-
-	if len(c.listen) > 0 {
-		if l, err := net.Listen("tcp", c.listen); err != nil {
-			errors.LogErrorInner(context.Background(), err, "API server failed to listen on ", c.listen)
-			return err
-		} else {
-			errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "API server listening on ", l.Addr())
-			go listen(l)
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-
 	listener := &OutboundListener{
 		buffer: make(chan net.Conn, 4),
 		done:   done.New(),
 	}

-	go listen(listener)
+	go func() {
+		if err := c.server.Serve(listener); err != nil {
+			newError("failed to start grpc server").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
+		}
+	}()

 	if err := c.ohm.RemoveHandler(context.Background(), c.tag); err != nil {
-		errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to remove existing handler")
+		newError("failed to remove existing handler").WriteToLog()
 	}

 	return c.ohm.AddHandler(context.Background(), &Outbound{
--- a/app/commander/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/commander/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/commander/config.proto

 package commander
@@ -29,8 +29,6 @@ type Config struct {

 	// Tag of the outbound handler that handles grpc connections.
 	Tag string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
-	// Network address of commander grpc service.
-	Listen string `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=listen,proto3" json:"listen,omitempty"`
 	// Services that supported by this server. All services must implement Service
 	// interface.
 	Service []*serial.TypedMessage `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=service,proto3" json:"service,omitempty"`
@@ -38,9 +36,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -73,13 +73,6 @@ func (x *Config) GetTag() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *Config) GetListen() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Listen
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 func (x *Config) GetService() []*serial.TypedMessage {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.Service
@@ -96,9 +89,11 @@ type ReflectionConfig struct {

 func (x *ReflectionConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = ReflectionConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ReflectionConfig) String() string {
@@ -109,7 +104,7 @@ func (*ReflectionConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ReflectionConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -132,21 +127,20 @@ var file_app_commander_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72,
 	0x1a, 0x21, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x69, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2f,
 	0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x64, 0x5f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61, 0x67, 0x65, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72,
-	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0x6e, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x10, 0x0a,
+	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0x56, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x10, 0x0a,
 	0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12,
-	0x16, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52,
-	0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x12, 0x3a, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x69,
-	0x63, 0x65, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
-	0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2e, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x69, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2e, 0x54, 0x79,
-	0x70, 0x65, 0x64, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61, 0x67, 0x65, 0x52, 0x07, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76,
-	0x69, 0x63, 0x65, 0x22, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x52, 0x65, 0x66, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x63, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f,
-	0x6e, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x42, 0x58, 0x0a, 0x16, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78,
-	0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65,
-	0x72, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x27, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f,
-	0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61,
-	0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x12, 0x58,
-	0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65,
-	0x72, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x3a, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x69, 0x63, 0x65, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x03, 0x28, 0x0b,
+	0x32, 0x20, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2e, 0x73,
+	0x65, 0x72, 0x69, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2e, 0x54, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x64, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x61,
+	0x67, 0x65, 0x52, 0x07, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x69, 0x63, 0x65, 0x22, 0x12, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x52,
+	0x65, 0x66, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x63, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x42,
+	0x58, 0x0a, 0x16, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e,
+	0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x27, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74,
+	0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61,
+	0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61,
+	0x6e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x12, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e,
+	0x43, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x65, 0x72, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f,
+	0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -162,7 +156,7 @@ func file_app_commander_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_commander_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_commander_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil),              // 0: xray.app.commander.Config
 	(*ReflectionConfig)(nil),    // 1: xray.app.commander.ReflectionConfig
 	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil), // 2: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
@@ -181,6 +175,32 @@ func file_app_commander_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_commander_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_commander_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ReflectionConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/commander/config.proto
+++ b/app/commander/config.proto
@@ -12,10 +12,6 @@ import "common/serial/typed_message.proto";
 message Config {
  // Tag of the outbound handler that handles grpc connections.
  string tag = 1;
-
-  // Network address of commander grpc service.
-  string listen = 3;
-
  // Services that supported by this server. All services must implement Service
  // interface.
  repeated xray.common.serial.TypedMessage service = 2;
--- a/app/commander/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/commander/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package commander
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/commander/outbound.go
+++ b/app/commander/outbound.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ func (l *OutboundListener) add(conn net.Conn) {
 func (l *OutboundListener) Accept() (net.Conn, error) {
 	select {
 	case <-l.done.Wait():
-		return nil, errors.New("listen closed")
+		return nil, newError("listen closed")
 	case c := <-l.buffer:
 		return c, nil
 	}
--- a/app/dispatcher/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/dispatcher/config.proto

 package dispatcher
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@ type SessionConfig struct {

 func (x *SessionConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = SessionConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SessionConfig) String() string {
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ func (*SessionConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SessionConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -66,9 +68,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -79,7 +83,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ func file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*SessionConfig)(nil), // 0: xray.app.dispatcher.SessionConfig
 	(*Config)(nil),        // 1: xray.app.dispatcher.Config
 }
@@ -153,6 +157,32 @@ func file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dispatcher_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SessionConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dispatcher_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/dispatcher/default.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/default.go
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 package dispatcher

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
-	"regexp"
+	"fmt"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
@@ -25,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/pipe"
 )

-var errSniffingTimeout = errors.New("timeout on sniffing")
+var errSniffingTimeout = newError("timeout on sniffing")

 type cachedReader struct {
 	sync.Mutex
@@ -39,14 +40,8 @@ func (r *cachedReader) Cache(b *buf.Buffer) {
 	if !mb.IsEmpty() {
 		r.cache, _ = buf.MergeMulti(r.cache, mb)
 	}
-	cacheLen := r.cache.Len()
-	if cacheLen <= b.Cap() {
-		b.Clear()
-	} else {
-		b.Release()
-		*b = *buf.NewWithSize(cacheLen)
-	}
-	rawBytes := b.Extend(cacheLen)
+	b.Clear()
+	rawBytes := b.Extend(buf.Size)
 	n := r.cache.Copy(rawBytes)
 	b.Resize(0, int32(n))
 	r.Unlock()
@@ -106,7 +101,7 @@ func init() {
 	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		d := new(DefaultDispatcher)
 		if err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, router routing.Router, pm policy.Manager, sm stats.Manager, dc dns.Client) error {
-			core.OptionalFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
+			core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
 				d.fdns = fdns
 			})
 			return d.Init(config.(*Config), om, router, pm, sm, dc)
@@ -140,10 +135,77 @@ func (*DefaultDispatcher) Start() error {
 // Close implements common.Closable.
 func (*DefaultDispatcher) Close() error { return nil }

-func (d *DefaultDispatcher) getLink(ctx context.Context) (*transport.Link, *transport.Link) {
-	opt := pipe.OptionsFromContext(ctx)
-	uplinkReader, uplinkWriter := pipe.New(opt...)
-	downlinkReader, downlinkWriter := pipe.New(opt...)
+func (d *DefaultDispatcher) getLink(ctx context.Context, network net.Network, sniffing session.SniffingRequest) (*transport.Link, *transport.Link) {
+	downOpt := pipe.OptionsFromContext(ctx)
+	upOpt := downOpt
+
+	if network == net.Network_UDP {
+		var ip2domain *sync.Map // net.IP.String() => domain, this map is used by server side when client turn on fakedns
+		// Client will send domain address in the buffer.UDP.Address, server record all possible target IP addrs.
+		// When target replies, server will restore the domain and send back to client.
+		// Note: this map is not global but per connection context
+		upOpt = append(upOpt, pipe.OnTransmission(func(mb buf.MultiBuffer) buf.MultiBuffer {
+			for i, buffer := range mb {
+				if buffer.UDP == nil {
+					continue
+				}
+				addr := buffer.UDP.Address
+				if addr.Family().IsIP() {
+					if fkr0, ok := d.fdns.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok && fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(addr) && sniffing.Enabled {
+						domain := fkr0.GetDomainFromFakeDNS(addr)
+						if len(domain) > 0 {
+							buffer.UDP.Address = net.DomainAddress(domain)
+							newError("[fakedns client] override with domain: ", domain, " for xUDP buffer at ", i).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+						} else {
+							newError("[fakedns client] failed to find domain! :", addr.String(), " for xUDP buffer at ", i).AtWarning().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+						}
+					}
+				} else {
+					if ip2domain == nil {
+						ip2domain = new(sync.Map)
+						newError("[fakedns client] create a new map").WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+					}
+					domain := addr.Domain()
+					ips, err := d.dns.LookupIP(domain, dns.IPOption{true, true, false})
+					if err == nil {
+						for _, ip := range ips {
+							ip2domain.Store(ip.String(), domain)
+						}
+						newError("[fakedns client] candidate ip: "+fmt.Sprintf("%v", ips), " for xUDP buffer at ", i).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+					} else {
+						newError("[fakedns client] failed to look up IP for ", domain, " for xUDP buffer at ", i).Base(err).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			return mb
+		}))
+		downOpt = append(downOpt, pipe.OnTransmission(func(mb buf.MultiBuffer) buf.MultiBuffer {
+			for i, buffer := range mb {
+				if buffer.UDP == nil {
+					continue
+				}
+				addr := buffer.UDP.Address
+				if addr.Family().IsIP() {
+					if ip2domain == nil {
+						continue
+					}
+					if domain, found := ip2domain.Load(addr.IP().String()); found {
+						buffer.UDP.Address = net.DomainAddress(domain.(string))
+						newError("[fakedns client] restore domain: ", domain.(string), " for xUDP buffer at ", i).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+					}
+				} else {
+					if fkr0, ok := d.fdns.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok {
+						fakeIp := fkr0.GetFakeIPForDomain(addr.Domain())
+						buffer.UDP.Address = fakeIp[0]
+						newError("[fakedns client] restore FakeIP: ", buffer.UDP, fmt.Sprintf("%v", fakeIp), " for xUDP buffer at ", i).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+					}
+				}
+			}
+			return mb
+		}))
+	}
+	uplinkReader, uplinkWriter := pipe.New(upOpt...)
+	downlinkReader, downlinkWriter := pipe.New(downOpt...)

 	inboundLink := &transport.Link{
 		Reader: downlinkReader,
@@ -181,18 +243,6 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) getLink(ctx context.Context) (*transport.Link, *tran
 				}
 			}
 		}
-
-		if p.Stats.UserOnline {
-			name := "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online"
-			if om, _ := stats.GetOrRegisterOnlineMap(d.stats, name); om != nil {
-				sessionInbounds := session.InboundFromContext(ctx)
-				userIP := sessionInbounds.Source.Address.String()
-				om.AddIP(userIP)
-				// log Online user with ips
-				// errors.LogDebug(ctx, "user>>>" + user.Email + ">>>online", om.Count(), om.List())
-
-			}
-		}
 	}

 	return inboundLink, outboundLink
@@ -204,20 +254,8 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) shouldOverride(ctx context.Context, result SniffResu
 		return false
 	}
 	for _, d := range request.ExcludeForDomain {
-		if strings.HasPrefix(d, "regexp:") {
-			pattern := d[7:]
-			re, err := regexp.Compile(pattern)
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Unable to compile regex")
-				continue
-			}
-			if re.MatchString(domain) {
-				return false
-			}
-		} else {
-			if strings.ToLower(domain) == d {
-				return false
-			}
+		if strings.ToLower(domain) == d {
+			return false
 		}
 	}
 	protocolString := result.Protocol()
@@ -225,12 +263,12 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) shouldOverride(ctx context.Context, result SniffResu
 		protocolString = resComp.ProtocolForDomainResult()
 	}
 	for _, p := range request.OverrideDestinationForProtocol {
-		if strings.HasPrefix(protocolString, p) || strings.HasPrefix(p, protocolString) {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(protocolString, p) {
 			return true
 		}
 		if fkr0, ok := d.fdns.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok && protocolString != "bittorrent" && p == "fakedns" &&
-			fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(destination.Address) {
-			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Using sniffer ", protocolString, " since the fake DNS missed")
+			destination.Address.Family().IsIP() && fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(destination.Address) {
+			newError("Using sniffer ", protocolString, " since the fake DNS missed").WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 			return true
 		}
 		if resultSubset, ok := result.(SnifferIsProtoSubsetOf); ok {
@@ -248,14 +286,10 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, destination net.Destin
 	if !destination.IsValid() {
 		panic("Dispatcher: Invalid destination.")
 	}
-	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
-	if len(outbounds) == 0 {
-		outbounds = []*session.Outbound{{}}
-		ctx = session.ContextWithOutbounds(ctx, outbounds)
+	ob := &session.Outbound{
+		Target: destination,
 	}
-	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-	ob.OriginalTarget = destination
-	ob.Target = destination
+	ctx = session.ContextWithOutbound(ctx, ob)
 	content := session.ContentFromContext(ctx)
 	if content == nil {
 		content = new(session.Content)
@@ -263,7 +297,7 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, destination net.Destin
 	}

 	sniffingRequest := content.SniffingRequest
-	inbound, outbound := d.getLink(ctx)
+	inbound, outbound := d.getLink(ctx, destination.Network, sniffingRequest)
 	if !sniffingRequest.Enabled {
 		go d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
 	} else {
@@ -278,17 +312,9 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, destination net.Destin
 			}
 			if err == nil && d.shouldOverride(ctx, result, sniffingRequest, destination) {
 				domain := result.Domain()
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "sniffed domain: ", domain)
+				newError("sniffed domain: ", domain).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 				destination.Address = net.ParseAddress(domain)
-				protocol := result.Protocol()
-				if resComp, ok := result.(SnifferResultComposite); ok {
-					protocol = resComp.ProtocolForDomainResult()
-				}
-				isFakeIP := false
-				if fkr0, ok := d.fdns.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok && fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(ob.Target.Address) {
-					isFakeIP = true
-				}
-				if sniffingRequest.RouteOnly && protocol != "fakedns" && protocol != "fakedns+others" && !isFakeIP {
+				if sniffingRequest.RouteOnly && result.Protocol() != "fakedns" {
 					ob.RouteTarget = destination
 				} else {
 					ob.Target = destination
@@ -303,16 +329,12 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) Dispatch(ctx context.Context, destination net.Destin
 // DispatchLink implements routing.Dispatcher.
 func (d *DefaultDispatcher) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, destination net.Destination, outbound *transport.Link) error {
 	if !destination.IsValid() {
-		return errors.New("Dispatcher: Invalid destination.")
+		return newError("Dispatcher: Invalid destination.")
 	}
-	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
-	if len(outbounds) == 0 {
-		outbounds = []*session.Outbound{{}}
-		ctx = session.ContextWithOutbounds(ctx, outbounds)
+	ob := &session.Outbound{
+		Target: destination,
 	}
-	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-	ob.OriginalTarget = destination
-	ob.Target = destination
+	ctx = session.ContextWithOutbound(ctx, ob)
 	content := session.ContentFromContext(ctx)
 	if content == nil {
 		content = new(session.Content)
@@ -320,35 +342,29 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) DispatchLink(ctx context.Context, destination net.De
 	}
 	sniffingRequest := content.SniffingRequest
 	if !sniffingRequest.Enabled {
-		d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
+		go d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
 	} else {
-		cReader := &cachedReader{
-			reader: outbound.Reader.(*pipe.Reader),
-		}
-		outbound.Reader = cReader
-		result, err := sniffer(ctx, cReader, sniffingRequest.MetadataOnly, destination.Network)
-		if err == nil {
-			content.Protocol = result.Protocol()
-		}
-		if err == nil && d.shouldOverride(ctx, result, sniffingRequest, destination) {
-			domain := result.Domain()
-			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "sniffed domain: ", domain)
-			destination.Address = net.ParseAddress(domain)
-			protocol := result.Protocol()
-			if resComp, ok := result.(SnifferResultComposite); ok {
-				protocol = resComp.ProtocolForDomainResult()
+		go func() {
+			cReader := &cachedReader{
+				reader: outbound.Reader.(*pipe.Reader),
 			}
-			isFakeIP := false
-			if fkr0, ok := d.fdns.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok && fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(ob.Target.Address) {
-				isFakeIP = true
+			outbound.Reader = cReader
+			result, err := sniffer(ctx, cReader, sniffingRequest.MetadataOnly, destination.Network)
+			if err == nil {
+				content.Protocol = result.Protocol()
 			}
-			if sniffingRequest.RouteOnly && protocol != "fakedns" && protocol != "fakedns+others" && !isFakeIP {
-				ob.RouteTarget = destination
-			} else {
-				ob.Target = destination
+			if err == nil && d.shouldOverride(ctx, result, sniffingRequest, destination) {
+				domain := result.Domain()
+				newError("sniffed domain: ", domain).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
+				destination.Address = net.ParseAddress(domain)
+				if sniffingRequest.RouteOnly && result.Protocol() != "fakedns" {
+					ob.RouteTarget = destination
+				} else {
+					ob.Target = destination
+				}
 			}
-		}
-		d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
+			d.routedDispatch(ctx, outbound, destination)
+		}()
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -399,9 +415,9 @@ func sniffer(ctx context.Context, cReader *cachedReader, metadataOnly bool, netw
 	}
 	return contentResult, contentErr
 }
+
 func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.Link, destination net.Destination) {
-	outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
-	ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
+	ob := session.OutboundFromContext(ctx)
 	if hosts, ok := d.dns.(dns.HostsLookup); ok && destination.Address.Family().IsDomain() {
 		proxied := hosts.LookupHosts(ob.Target.String())
 		if proxied != nil {
@@ -424,10 +440,10 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.
 		ctx = session.SetForcedOutboundTagToContext(ctx, "")
 		if h := d.ohm.GetHandler(forcedOutboundTag); h != nil {
 			isPickRoute = 1
-			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "taking platform initialized detour [", forcedOutboundTag, "] for [", destination, "]")
+			newError("taking platform initialized detour [", forcedOutboundTag, "] for [", destination, "]").WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 			handler = h
 		} else {
-			errors.LogError(ctx, "non existing tag for platform initialized detour: ", forcedOutboundTag)
+			newError("non existing tag for platform initialized detour: ", forcedOutboundTag).AtError().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 			common.Close(link.Writer)
 			common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 			return
@@ -437,17 +453,13 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.
 			outTag := route.GetOutboundTag()
 			if h := d.ohm.GetHandler(outTag); h != nil {
 				isPickRoute = 2
-				if route.GetRuleTag() == "" {
-					errors.LogInfo(ctx, "taking detour [", outTag, "] for [", destination, "]")
-				} else {
-					errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Hit route rule: [", route.GetRuleTag(), "] so taking detour [", outTag, "] for [", destination, "]")
-				}
+				newError("taking detour [", outTag, "] for [", destination, "]").WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 				handler = h
 			} else {
-				errors.LogWarning(ctx, "non existing outTag: ", outTag)
+				newError("non existing outTag: ", outTag).AtWarning().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 			}
 		} else {
-			errors.LogInfo(ctx, "default route for ", destination)
+			newError("default route for ", destination).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 		}
 	}

@@ -456,13 +468,12 @@ func (d *DefaultDispatcher) routedDispatch(ctx context.Context, link *transport.
 	}

 	if handler == nil {
-		errors.LogInfo(ctx, "default outbound handler not exist")
+		newError("default outbound handler not exist").WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 		common.Close(link.Writer)
 		common.Interrupt(link.Reader)
 		return
 	}

-	ob.Tag = handler.Tag()
 	if accessMessage := log.AccessMessageFromContext(ctx); accessMessage != nil {
 		if tag := handler.Tag(); tag != "" {
 			if inTag == "" {
--- a/app/dispatcher/dispatcher.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/dispatcher.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package dispatcher
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/dispatcher/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package dispatcher
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/dispatcher/fakednssniffer.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/fakednssniffer.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
@@ -23,16 +22,15 @@ func newFakeDNSSniffer(ctx context.Context) (protocolSnifferWithMetadata, error)
 	}

 	if fakeDNSEngine == nil {
-		errNotInit := errors.New("FakeDNSEngine is not initialized, but such a sniffer is used").AtError()
+		errNotInit := newError("FakeDNSEngine is not initialized, but such a sniffer is used").AtError()
 		return protocolSnifferWithMetadata{}, errNotInit
 	}
 	return protocolSnifferWithMetadata{protocolSniffer: func(ctx context.Context, bytes []byte) (SniffResult, error) {
-		outbounds := session.OutboundsFromContext(ctx)
-		ob := outbounds[len(outbounds)-1]
-		if ob.Target.Network == net.Network_TCP || ob.Target.Network == net.Network_UDP {
-			domainFromFakeDNS := fakeDNSEngine.GetDomainFromFakeDNS(ob.Target.Address)
+		Target := session.OutboundFromContext(ctx).Target
+		if Target.Network == net.Network_TCP || Target.Network == net.Network_UDP {
+			domainFromFakeDNS := fakeDNSEngine.GetDomainFromFakeDNS(Target.Address)
 			if domainFromFakeDNS != "" {
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "fake dns got domain: ", domainFromFakeDNS, " for ip: ", ob.Target.Address.String())
+				newError("fake dns got domain: ", domainFromFakeDNS, " for ip: ", Target.Address.String()).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 				return &fakeDNSSniffResult{domainName: domainFromFakeDNS}, nil
 			}
 		}
@@ -40,7 +38,7 @@ func newFakeDNSSniffer(ctx context.Context) (protocolSnifferWithMetadata, error)
 		if ipAddressInRangeValueI := ctx.Value(ipAddressInRange); ipAddressInRangeValueI != nil {
 			ipAddressInRangeValue := ipAddressInRangeValueI.(*ipAddressInRangeOpt)
 			if fkr0, ok := fakeDNSEngine.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok {
-				inPool := fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(ob.Target.Address)
+				inPool := fkr0.IsIPInIPPool(Target.Address)
 				ipAddressInRangeValue.addressInRange = &inPool
 			}
 		}
@@ -110,10 +108,10 @@ func newFakeDNSThenOthers(ctx context.Context, fakeDNSSniffer protocolSnifferWit
 					}
 					return nil, common.ErrNoClue
 				}
-				errors.LogDebug(ctx, "ip address not in fake dns range, return as is")
+				newError("ip address not in fake dns range, return as is").AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 				return nil, common.ErrNoClue
 			}
-			errors.LogWarning(ctx, "fake dns sniffer did not set address in range option, assume false.")
+			newError("fake dns sniffer did not set address in range option, assume false.").AtWarning().WriteToLog()
 			return nil, common.ErrNoClue
 		},
 		metadataSniffer: false,
--- a/app/dispatcher/sniffer.go
+++ b/app/dispatcher/sniffer.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"context"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/bittorrent"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/http"
@@ -35,7 +34,7 @@ type Sniffer struct {
 func NewSniffer(ctx context.Context) *Sniffer {
 	ret := &Sniffer{
 		sniffer: []protocolSnifferWithMetadata{
-			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return http.SniffHTTP(b, c) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
+			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return http.SniffHTTP(b) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
 			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return tls.SniffTLS(b) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
 			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return bittorrent.SniffBittorrent(b) }, false, net.Network_TCP},
 			{func(c context.Context, b []byte) (SniffResult, error) { return quic.SniffQUIC(b) }, false, net.Network_UDP},
@@ -53,7 +52,7 @@ func NewSniffer(ctx context.Context) *Sniffer {
 	return ret
 }

-var errUnknownContent = errors.New("unknown content")
+var errUnknownContent = newError("unknown content")

 func (s *Sniffer) Sniff(c context.Context, payload []byte, network net.Network) (SniffResult, error) {
 	var pendingSniffer []protocolSnifferWithMetadata
--- a/app/dns/config.go
+++ b/app/dns/config.go
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package dns

 import (
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/uuid"
@@ -37,11 +36,11 @@ var localTLDsAndDotlessDomainsRule = &NameServer_OriginalRule{
 func toStrMatcher(t DomainMatchingType, domain string) (strmatcher.Matcher, error) {
 	strMType, f := typeMap[t]
 	if !f {
-		return nil, errors.New("unknown mapping type", t).AtWarning()
+		return nil, newError("unknown mapping type", t).AtWarning()
 	}
 	matcher, err := strMType.New(domain)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to create str matcher").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("failed to create str matcher").Base(err)
 	}
 	return matcher, nil
 }
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ func toNetIP(addrs []net.Address) ([]net.IP, error) {
 		if addr.Family().IsIP() {
 			ips = append(ips, addr.IP())
 		} else {
-			return nil, errors.New("Failed to convert address", addr, "to Net IP.").AtWarning()
+			return nil, newError("Failed to convert address", addr, "to Net IP.").AtWarning()
 		}
 	}
 	return ips, nil
--- a/app/dns/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/dns/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/dns/config.proto

 package dns
@@ -134,14 +134,15 @@ type NameServer struct {
 	PrioritizedDomain []*NameServer_PriorityDomain `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=prioritized_domain,json=prioritizedDomain,proto3" json:"prioritized_domain,omitempty"`
 	Geoip             []*router.GeoIP              `protobuf:"bytes,3,rep,name=geoip,proto3" json:"geoip,omitempty"`
 	OriginalRules     []*NameServer_OriginalRule   `protobuf:"bytes,4,rep,name=original_rules,json=originalRules,proto3" json:"original_rules,omitempty"`
-	QueryStrategy     QueryStrategy                `protobuf:"varint,7,opt,name=query_strategy,json=queryStrategy,proto3,enum=xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy" json:"query_strategy,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *NameServer) Reset() {
 	*x = NameServer{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *NameServer) String() string {
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ func (*NameServer) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *NameServer) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -209,21 +210,24 @@ func (x *NameServer) GetOriginalRules() []*NameServer_OriginalRule {
 	return nil
 }

-func (x *NameServer) GetQueryStrategy() QueryStrategy {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.QueryStrategy
-	}
-	return QueryStrategy_USE_IP
-}
-
 type Config struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

+	// Nameservers used by this DNS. Only traditional UDP servers are support at
+	// the moment. A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to
+	// use DNS on local system.
+	//
+	// Deprecated: Do not use.
+	NameServers []*net.Endpoint `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=NameServers,proto3" json:"NameServers,omitempty"`
 	// NameServer list used by this DNS client.
-	// A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to use DNS on local system.
 	NameServer []*NameServer `protobuf:"bytes,5,rep,name=name_server,json=nameServer,proto3" json:"name_server,omitempty"`
+	// Static hosts. Domain to IP.
+	// Deprecated. Use static_hosts.
+	//
+	// Deprecated: Do not use.
+	Hosts map[string]*net.IPOrDomain `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=Hosts,proto3" json:"Hosts,omitempty" protobuf_key:"bytes,1,opt,name=key,proto3" protobuf_val:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3"`
 	// Client IP for EDNS client subnet. Must be 4 bytes (IPv4) or 16 bytes
 	// (IPv6).
 	ClientIp    []byte                `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=client_ip,json=clientIp,proto3" json:"client_ip,omitempty"`
@@ -239,9 +243,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -252,7 +258,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -267,6 +273,14 @@ func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
 	return file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
 }

+// Deprecated: Do not use.
+func (x *Config) GetNameServers() []*net.Endpoint {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.NameServers
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (x *Config) GetNameServer() []*NameServer {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.NameServer
@@ -274,6 +288,14 @@ func (x *Config) GetNameServer() []*NameServer {
 	return nil
 }

+// Deprecated: Do not use.
+func (x *Config) GetHosts() map[string]*net.IPOrDomain {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.Hosts
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (x *Config) GetClientIp() []byte {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.ClientIp
@@ -334,9 +356,11 @@ type NameServer_PriorityDomain struct {

 func (x *NameServer_PriorityDomain) Reset() {
 	*x = NameServer_PriorityDomain{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *NameServer_PriorityDomain) String() string {
@@ -347,7 +371,7 @@ func (*NameServer_PriorityDomain) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *NameServer_PriorityDomain) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -387,9 +411,11 @@ type NameServer_OriginalRule struct {

 func (x *NameServer_OriginalRule) Reset() {
 	*x = NameServer_OriginalRule{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *NameServer_OriginalRule) String() string {
@@ -400,7 +426,7 @@ func (*NameServer_OriginalRule) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *NameServer_OriginalRule) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -444,9 +470,11 @@ type Config_HostMapping struct {

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) Reset() {
 	*x = Config_HostMapping{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) String() string {
@@ -456,8 +484,8 @@ func (x *Config_HostMapping) String() string {
 func (*Config_HostMapping) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	mi := &file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -469,7 +497,7 @@ func (x *Config_HostMapping) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use Config_HostMapping.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Config_HostMapping) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 0}
+	return file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1, 1}
 }

 func (x *Config_HostMapping) GetType() DomainMatchingType {
@@ -505,92 +533,103 @@ var File_app_dns_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
 var file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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+	0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -606,34 +645,38 @@ func file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_dns_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 2)
-var file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 5)
-var file_app_dns_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 6)
+var file_app_dns_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(DomainMatchingType)(0),           // 0: xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
 	(QueryStrategy)(0),                // 1: xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
 	(*NameServer)(nil),                // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer
 	(*Config)(nil),                    // 3: xray.app.dns.Config
 	(*NameServer_PriorityDomain)(nil), // 4: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain
 	(*NameServer_OriginalRule)(nil),   // 5: xray.app.dns.NameServer.OriginalRule
-	(*Config_HostMapping)(nil),        // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
-	(*net.Endpoint)(nil),              // 7: xray.common.net.Endpoint
-	(*router.GeoIP)(nil),              // 8: xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	nil,                               // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.HostsEntry
+	(*Config_HostMapping)(nil),        // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
+	(*net.Endpoint)(nil),              // 8: xray.common.net.Endpoint
+	(*router.GeoIP)(nil),              // 9: xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	(*net.IPOrDomain)(nil),            // 10: xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
 }
 var file_app_dns_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	7,  // 0: xray.app.dns.NameServer.address:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
+	8,  // 0: xray.app.dns.NameServer.address:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
 	4,  // 1: xray.app.dns.NameServer.prioritized_domain:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain
-	8,  // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer.geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
+	9,  // 2: xray.app.dns.NameServer.geoip:type_name -> xray.app.router.GeoIP
 	5,  // 3: xray.app.dns.NameServer.original_rules:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer.OriginalRule
-	1,  // 4: xray.app.dns.NameServer.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
+	8,  // 4: xray.app.dns.Config.NameServers:type_name -> xray.common.net.Endpoint
 	2,  // 5: xray.app.dns.Config.name_server:type_name -> xray.app.dns.NameServer
-	6,  // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.static_hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
-	1,  // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
-	0,  // 8: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
-	0,  // 9: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
-	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	10, // [10:10] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:10] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	6,  // 6: xray.app.dns.Config.Hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostsEntry
+	7,  // 7: xray.app.dns.Config.static_hosts:type_name -> xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping
+	1,  // 8: xray.app.dns.Config.query_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.dns.QueryStrategy
+	0,  // 9: xray.app.dns.NameServer.PriorityDomain.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
+	10, // 10: xray.app.dns.Config.HostsEntry.value:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	0,  // 11: xray.app.dns.Config.HostMapping.type:type_name -> xray.app.dns.DomainMatchingType
+	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	12, // [12:12] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:12] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_dns_config_proto_init() }
@@ -641,13 +684,75 @@ func file_app_dns_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dns_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*NameServer); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*NameServer_PriorityDomain); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*NameServer_OriginalRule); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_config_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config_HostMapping); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_dns_config_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      2,
-			NumMessages:   5,
+			NumMessages:   6,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},
--- a/app/dns/config.proto
+++ b/app/dns/config.proto
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ option go_package = "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/dns";
 option java_package = "com.xray.app.dns";
 option java_multiple_files = true;

+import "common/net/address.proto";
 import "common/net/destination.proto";
 import "app/router/config.proto";

@@ -27,7 +28,6 @@ message NameServer {
  repeated PriorityDomain prioritized_domain = 2;
  repeated xray.app.router.GeoIP geoip = 3;
  repeated OriginalRule original_rules = 4;
-  QueryStrategy query_strategy = 7;
 }

 enum DomainMatchingType {
@@ -44,10 +44,18 @@ enum QueryStrategy {
 }

 message Config {
+  // Nameservers used by this DNS. Only traditional UDP servers are support at
+  // the moment. A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to
+  // use DNS on local system.
+  repeated xray.common.net.Endpoint NameServers = 1 [deprecated = true];
+
  // NameServer list used by this DNS client.
-  // A special value 'localhost' as a domain address can be set to use DNS on local system.
  repeated NameServer name_server = 5;

+  // Static hosts. Domain to IP.
+  // Deprecated. Use static_hosts.
+  map<string, xray.common.net.IPOrDomain> Hosts = 2 [deprecated = true];
+
  // Client IP for EDNS client subnet. Must be 4 bytes (IPv4) or 16 bytes
  // (IPv6).
  bytes client_ip = 3;
--- a/app/dns/dns.go
+++ b/app/dns/dns.go
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 // Package dns is an implementation of core.DNS feature.
 package dns

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"fmt"
@@ -13,6 +15,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

@@ -51,7 +54,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 	case 0, net.IPv4len, net.IPv6len:
 		clientIP = net.IP(config.ClientIp)
 	default:
-		return nil, errors.New("unexpected client IP length ", len(config.ClientIp))
+		return nil, newError("unexpected client IP length ", len(config.ClientIp))
 	}

 	var ipOption *dns.IPOption
@@ -76,9 +79,9 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		}
 	}

-	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(config.StaticHosts)
+	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(config.StaticHosts, config.Hosts)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to create hosts").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("failed to create hosts").Base(err)
 	}

 	clients := []*Client{}
@@ -92,6 +95,15 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 	domainMatcher := &strmatcher.MatcherGroup{}
 	geoipContainer := router.GeoIPMatcherContainer{}

+	for _, endpoint := range config.NameServers {
+		features.PrintDeprecatedFeatureWarning("simple DNS server")
+		client, err := NewSimpleClient(ctx, endpoint, clientIP)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, newError("failed to create client").Base(err)
+		}
+		clients = append(clients, client)
+	}
+
 	for _, ns := range config.NameServer {
 		clientIdx := len(clients)
 		updateDomain := func(domainRule strmatcher.Matcher, originalRuleIdx int, matcherInfos []*DomainMatcherInfo) error {
@@ -110,7 +122,7 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*DNS, error) {
 		}
 		client, err := NewClient(ctx, ns, myClientIP, geoipContainer, &matcherInfos, updateDomain)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.New("failed to create client").Base(err)
+			return nil, newError("failed to create client").Base(err)
 		}
 		clients = append(clients, client)
 	}
@@ -158,7 +170,7 @@ func (s *DNS) IsOwnLink(ctx context.Context) bool {
 // LookupIP implements dns.Client.
 func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	if domain == "" {
-		return nil, errors.New("empty domain name")
+		return nil, newError("empty domain name")
 	}

 	option.IPv4Enable = option.IPv4Enable && s.ipOption.IPv4Enable
@@ -169,7 +181,9 @@ func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	}

 	// Normalize the FQDN form query
-	domain = strings.TrimSuffix(domain, ".")
+	if strings.HasSuffix(domain, ".") {
+		domain = domain[:len(domain)-1]
+	}

 	// Static host lookup
 	switch addrs := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, option); {
@@ -178,10 +192,10 @@ func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	case len(addrs) == 0: // Domain recorded, but no valid IP returned (e.g. IPv4 address with only IPv6 enabled)
 		return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
 	case len(addrs) == 1 && addrs[0].Family().IsDomain(): // Domain replacement
-		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain())
+		newError("domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain()).WriteToLog()
 		domain = addrs[0].Domain()
 	default: // Successfully found ip records in static host
-		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "returning ", len(addrs), " IP(s) for domain ", domain, " -> ", addrs)
+		newError("returning ", len(addrs), " IP(s) for domain ", domain, " -> ", addrs).WriteToLog()
 		return toNetIP(addrs)
 	}

@@ -190,7 +204,7 @@ func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	ctx := session.ContextWithInbound(s.ctx, &session.Inbound{Tag: s.tag})
 	for _, client := range s.sortClients(domain) {
 		if !option.FakeEnable && strings.EqualFold(client.Name(), "FakeDNS") {
-			errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "skip DNS resolution for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
+			newError("skip DNS resolution for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name()).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			continue
 		}
 		ips, err := client.QueryIP(ctx, domain, option, s.disableCache)
@@ -198,16 +212,15 @@ func (s *DNS) LookupIP(domain string, option dns.IPOption) ([]net.IP, error) {
 			return ips, nil
 		}
 		if err != nil {
-			errors.LogInfoInner(s.ctx, err, "failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name())
+			newError("failed to lookup ip for domain ", domain, " at server ", client.Name()).Base(err).WriteToLog()
 			errs = append(errs, err)
 		}
-		// 5 for RcodeRefused in miekg/dns, hardcode to reduce binary size
-		if err != context.Canceled && err != context.DeadlineExceeded && err != errExpectedIPNonMatch && err != dns.ErrEmptyResponse && dns.RCodeFromError(err) != 5 {
+		if err != context.Canceled && err != context.DeadlineExceeded && err != errExpectedIPNonMatch {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}

-	return nil, errors.New("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(errors.Combine(errs...))
+	return nil, newError("returning nil for domain ", domain).Base(errors.Combine(errs...))
 }

 // LookupHosts implements dns.HostsLookup.
@@ -219,7 +232,7 @@ func (s *DNS) LookupHosts(domain string) *net.Address {
 	// Normalize the FQDN form query
 	addrs := s.hosts.Lookup(domain, *s.ipOption)
 	if len(addrs) > 0 {
-		errors.LogInfo(s.ctx, "domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].String())
+		newError("domain replaced: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 		return &addrs[0]
 	}

@@ -277,16 +290,16 @@ func (s *DNS) sortClients(domain string) []*Client {
 	}

 	if len(domainRules) > 0 {
-		errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "domain ", domain, " matches following rules: ", domainRules)
+		newError("domain ", domain, " matches following rules: ", domainRules).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	}
 	if len(clientNames) > 0 {
-		errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "domain ", domain, " will use DNS in order: ", clientNames)
+		newError("domain ", domain, " will use DNS in order: ", clientNames).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	}

 	if len(clients) == 0 {
 		clients = append(clients, s.clients[0])
 		clientNames = append(clientNames, s.clients[0].Name())
-		errors.LogDebug(s.ctx, "domain ", domain, " will use the first DNS: ", clientNames)
+		newError("domain ", domain, " will use the first DNS: ", clientNames).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	}

 	return clients
--- a/app/dns/dns_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/dns_test.go
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	_ "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman/outbound"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/router"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
@@ -124,17 +123,15 @@ func TestUDPServerSubnet(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 				ClientIp: []byte{7, 8, 9, 10},
@@ -185,17 +182,15 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 			}),
@@ -265,7 +260,7 @@ func TestUDPServer(t *testing.T) {
 			IPv6Enable: true,
 			FakeEnable: false,
 		})
-		if !errors.AllEqual(feature_dns.ErrEmptyResponse, errors.Cause(err)) {
+		if err != feature_dns.ErrEmptyResponse {
 			t.Fatal("error: ", err)
 		}
 		if len(ips) != 0 {
@@ -307,18 +302,18 @@ func TestPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 						},
+						Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 					},
+				},
+				NameServer: []*NameServer{
 					{
 						Address: &net.Endpoint{
 							Network: net.Network_UDP,
@@ -393,17 +388,15 @@ func TestUDPServerIPv6(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 			}),
@@ -454,17 +447,15 @@ func TestStaticHostDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: uint32(port),
 						},
+						Port: uint32(port),
 					},
 				},
 				StaticHosts: []*Config_HostMapping{
@@ -639,18 +630,18 @@ func TestLocalDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 						},
+						Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 					},
+				},
+				NameServer: []*NameServer{
 					{
 						Address: &net.Endpoint{
 							Network: net.Network_UDP,
@@ -867,18 +858,18 @@ func TestMultiMatchPrioritizedDomain(t *testing.T) {
 	config := &core.Config{
 		App: []*serial.TypedMessage{
 			serial.ToTypedMessage(&Config{
-				NameServer: []*NameServer{
+				NameServers: []*net.Endpoint{
 					{
-						Address: &net.Endpoint{
-							Network: net.Network_UDP,
-							Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
-								Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
-									Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
-								},
+						Network: net.Network_UDP,
+						Address: &net.IPOrDomain{
+							Address: &net.IPOrDomain_Ip{
+								Ip: []byte{127, 0, 0, 1},
 							},
-							Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 						},
+						Port: 9999, /* unreachable */
 					},
+				},
+				NameServer: []*NameServer{
 					{
 						Address: &net.Endpoint{
 							Network: net.Network_UDP,
--- a/app/dns/dnscommon.go
+++ b/app/dns/dnscommon.go
@@ -171,10 +171,10 @@ func parseResponse(payload []byte) (*IPRecord, error) {
 	var parser dnsmessage.Parser
 	h, err := parser.Start(payload)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse DNS response").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		return nil, newError("failed to parse DNS response").Base(err).AtWarning()
 	}
 	if err := parser.SkipAllQuestions(); err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to skip questions in DNS response").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		return nil, newError("failed to skip questions in DNS response").Base(err).AtWarning()
 	}

 	now := time.Now()
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ L:
 		ah, err := parser.AnswerHeader()
 		if err != nil {
 			if err != dnsmessage.ErrSectionDone {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse answer section for domain: ", ah.Name.String())
+				newError("failed to parse answer section for domain: ", ah.Name.String()).Base(err).WriteToLog()
 			}
 			break
 		}
@@ -207,20 +207,20 @@ L:
 		case dnsmessage.TypeA:
 			ans, err := parser.AResource()
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse A record for domain: ", ah.Name)
+				newError("failed to parse A record for domain: ", ah.Name).Base(err).WriteToLog()
 				break L
 			}
 			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.A[:]))
 		case dnsmessage.TypeAAAA:
 			ans, err := parser.AAAAResource()
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to parse AAAA record for domain: ", ah.Name)
+				newError("failed to parse AAAA record for domain: ", ah.Name).Base(err).WriteToLog()
 				break L
 			}
 			ipRecord.IP = append(ipRecord.IP, net.IPAddress(ans.AAAA[:]))
 		default:
 			if err := parser.SkipAnswer(); err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to skip answer")
+				newError("failed to skip answer").Base(err).WriteToLog()
 				break L
 			}
 			continue
--- a/app/dns/dnscommon_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/dnscommon_test.go
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func Test_parseResponse(t *testing.T) {
 				got.Expire = time.Time{}
 			}
 			if cmp.Diff(got, tt.want) != "" {
-				t.Error(cmp.Diff(got, tt.want))
+				t.Errorf(cmp.Diff(got, tt.want))
 				// t.Errorf("handleResponse() = %#v, want %#v", got, tt.want)
 			}
 		})
--- a/app/dns/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/dns/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package dns
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package fakedns
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fake.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fake.go
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/cache"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )
@@ -46,7 +45,7 @@ func (fkdns *Holder) Start() error {
 	if fkdns.config != nil && fkdns.config.IpPool != "" && fkdns.config.LruSize != 0 {
 		return fkdns.initializeFromConfig()
 	}
-	return errors.New("invalid fakeDNS setting")
+	return newError("invalid fakeDNS setting")
 }

 func (fkdns *Holder) Close() error {
@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ func NewFakeDNSHolder() (*Holder, error) {
 	var err error

 	if fkdns, err = NewFakeDNSHolderConfigOnly(nil); err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("Unable to create Fake Dns Engine").Base(err).AtError()
+		return nil, newError("Unable to create Fake Dns Engine").Base(err).AtError()
 	}
 	err = fkdns.initialize(dns.FakeIPv4Pool, 65535)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -83,13 +82,13 @@ func (fkdns *Holder) initialize(ipPoolCidr string, lruSize int) error {
 	var err error

 	if _, ipRange, err = gonet.ParseCIDR(ipPoolCidr); err != nil {
-		return errors.New("Unable to parse CIDR for Fake DNS IP assignment").Base(err).AtError()
+		return newError("Unable to parse CIDR for Fake DNS IP assignment").Base(err).AtError()
 	}

 	ones, bits := ipRange.Mask.Size()
 	rooms := bits - ones
 	if math.Log2(float64(lruSize)) >= float64(rooms) {
-		return errors.New("LRU size is bigger than subnet size").AtError()
+		return newError("LRU size is bigger than subnet size").AtError()
 	}
 	fkdns.domainToIP = cache.NewLru(lruSize)
 	fkdns.ipRange = ipRange
@@ -138,7 +137,7 @@ func (fkdns *Holder) GetDomainFromFakeDNS(ip net.Address) string {
 	if k, ok := fkdns.domainToIP.GetKeyFromValue(ip); ok {
 		return k.(string)
 	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "A fake ip request to ", ip, ", however there is no matching domain name in fake DNS")
+	newError("A fake ip request to ", ip, ", however there is no matching domain name in fake DNS").AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 	return ""
 }

@@ -193,10 +192,10 @@ func (h *HolderMulti) Start() error {
 	for _, v := range h.holders {
 		if v.config != nil && v.config.IpPool != "" && v.config.LruSize != 0 {
 			if err := v.Start(); err != nil {
-				return errors.New("Cannot start all fake dns pools").Base(err)
+				return newError("Cannot start all fake dns pools").Base(err)
 			}
 		} else {
-			return errors.New("invalid fakeDNS setting")
+			return newError("invalid fakeDNS setting")
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -205,7 +204,7 @@ func (h *HolderMulti) Start() error {
 func (h *HolderMulti) Close() error {
 	for _, v := range h.holders {
 		if err := v.Close(); err != nil {
-			return errors.New("Cannot close all fake dns pools").Base(err)
+			return newError("Cannot close all fake dns pools").Base(err)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package fakedns
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.pb.go
+++ b/app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/dns/fakedns/fakedns.proto

 package fakedns
@@ -31,9 +31,11 @@ type FakeDnsPool struct {

 func (x *FakeDnsPool) Reset() {
 	*x = FakeDnsPool{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *FakeDnsPool) String() string {
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ func (*FakeDnsPool) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *FakeDnsPool) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -83,9 +85,11 @@ type FakeDnsPoolMulti struct {

 func (x *FakeDnsPoolMulti) Reset() {
 	*x = FakeDnsPoolMulti{}
-	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *FakeDnsPoolMulti) String() string {
@@ -96,7 +100,7 @@ func (*FakeDnsPoolMulti) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *FakeDnsPoolMulti) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -155,7 +159,7 @@ func file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*FakeDnsPool)(nil),      // 0: xray.app.dns.fakedns.FakeDnsPool
 	(*FakeDnsPoolMulti)(nil), // 1: xray.app.dns.fakedns.FakeDnsPoolMulti
 }
@@ -173,6 +177,32 @@ func file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*FakeDnsPool); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_dns_fakedns_fakedns_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*FakeDnsPoolMulti); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/dns/hosts.go
+++ b/app/dns/hosts.go
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 package dns

 import (
-	"context"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/strmatcher"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

@@ -16,17 +15,34 @@ type StaticHosts struct {
 }

 // NewStaticHosts creates a new StaticHosts instance.
-func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
+func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping, legacy map[string]*net.IPOrDomain) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 	g := new(strmatcher.MatcherGroup)
 	sh := &StaticHosts{
-		ips:      make([][]net.Address, len(hosts)+16),
+		ips:      make([][]net.Address, len(hosts)+len(legacy)+16),
 		matchers: g,
 	}

+	if legacy != nil {
+		features.PrintDeprecatedFeatureWarning("simple host mapping")
+
+		for domain, ip := range legacy {
+			matcher, err := strmatcher.Full.New(domain)
+			common.Must(err)
+			id := g.Add(matcher)
+
+			address := ip.AsAddress()
+			if address.Family().IsDomain() {
+				return nil, newError("invalid domain address in static hosts: ", address.Domain()).AtWarning()
+			}
+
+			sh.ips[id] = []net.Address{address}
+		}
+	}
+
 	for _, mapping := range hosts {
 		matcher, err := toStrMatcher(mapping.Type, mapping.Domain)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.New("failed to create domain matcher").Base(err)
+			return nil, newError("failed to create domain matcher").Base(err)
 		}
 		id := g.Add(matcher)
 		ips := make([]net.Address, 0, len(mapping.Ip)+1)
@@ -37,12 +53,12 @@ func NewStaticHosts(hosts []*Config_HostMapping) (*StaticHosts, error) {
 			for _, ip := range mapping.Ip {
 				addr := net.IPAddress(ip)
 				if addr == nil {
-					return nil, errors.New("invalid IP address in static hosts: ", ip).AtWarning()
+					return nil, newError("invalid IP address in static hosts: ", ip).AtWarning()
 				}
 				ips = append(ips, addr)
 			}
 		default:
-			return nil, errors.New("neither IP address nor proxied domain specified for domain: ", mapping.Domain).AtWarning()
+			return nil, newError("neither IP address nor proxied domain specified for domain: ", mapping.Domain).AtWarning()
 		}

 		sh.ips[id] = ips
@@ -74,7 +90,7 @@ func (h *StaticHosts) lookup(domain string, option dns.IPOption, maxDepth int) [
 	case len(addrs) == 0: // Not recorded in static hosts, return nil
 		return nil
 	case len(addrs) == 1 && addrs[0].Family().IsDomain(): // Try to unwrap domain
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "found replaced domain: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain(), ". Try to unwrap it")
+		newError("found replaced domain: ", domain, " -> ", addrs[0].Domain(), ". Try to unwrap it").AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 		if maxDepth > 0 {
 			unwrapped := h.lookup(addrs[0].Domain(), option, maxDepth-1)
 			if unwrapped != nil {
--- a/app/dns/hosts_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/hosts_test.go
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func TestStaticHosts(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 	}

-	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(pb)
+	hosts, err := NewStaticHosts(pb, nil)
 	common.Must(err)

 	{
--- a/app/dns/nameserver.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver.go
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ type Client struct {
 var errExpectedIPNonMatch = errors.New("expectIPs not match")

 // NewServer creates a name server object according to the network destination url.
-func NewServer(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (Server, error) {
+func NewServer(dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) (Server, error) {
 	if address := dest.Address; address.Family().IsDomain() {
 		u, err := url.Parse(address.Domain())
 		if err != nil {
@@ -43,62 +43,47 @@ func NewServer(ctx context.Context, dest net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dis
 		}
 		switch {
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.String(), "localhost"):
-			return NewLocalNameServer(queryStrategy), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https"): // DNS-over-HTTPS Remote mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, queryStrategy, dispatcher, false), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "h2c"): // DNS-over-HTTPS h2c Remote mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, queryStrategy, dispatcher, true), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https+local"): // DNS-over-HTTPS Local mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, queryStrategy, nil, false), nil
-		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "h2c+local"): // DNS-over-HTTPS h2c Local mode
-			return NewDoHNameServer(u, queryStrategy, nil, true), nil
+			return NewLocalNameServer(), nil
+		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https"): // DOH Remote mode
+			return NewDoHNameServer(u, dispatcher)
+		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "https+local"): // DOH Local mode
+			return NewDoHLocalNameServer(u), nil
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "quic+local"): // DNS-over-QUIC Local mode
-			return NewQUICNameServer(u, queryStrategy)
+			return NewQUICNameServer(u)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "tcp"): // DNS-over-TCP Remote mode
-			return NewTCPNameServer(u, dispatcher, queryStrategy)
+			return NewTCPNameServer(u, dispatcher)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.Scheme, "tcp+local"): // DNS-over-TCP Local mode
-			return NewTCPLocalNameServer(u, queryStrategy)
+			return NewTCPLocalNameServer(u)
 		case strings.EqualFold(u.String(), "fakedns"):
-			var fd dns.FakeDNSEngine
-			core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fdns dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
-				fd = fdns
-			})
-			return NewFakeDNSServer(fd), nil
+			return NewFakeDNSServer(), nil
 		}
 	}
 	if dest.Network == net.Network_Unknown {
 		dest.Network = net.Network_UDP
 	}
 	if dest.Network == net.Network_UDP { // UDP classic DNS mode
-		return NewClassicNameServer(dest, dispatcher, queryStrategy), nil
+		return NewClassicNameServer(dest, dispatcher), nil
 	}
-	return nil, errors.New("No available name server could be created from ", dest).AtWarning()
+	return nil, newError("No available name server could be created from ", dest).AtWarning()
 }

 // NewClient creates a DNS client managing a name server with client IP, domain rules and expected IPs.
-func NewClient(
-	ctx context.Context,
-	ns *NameServer,
-	clientIP net.IP,
-	container router.GeoIPMatcherContainer,
-	matcherInfos *[]*DomainMatcherInfo,
-	updateDomainRule func(strmatcher.Matcher, int, []*DomainMatcherInfo) error,
-) (*Client, error) {
+func NewClient(ctx context.Context, ns *NameServer, clientIP net.IP, container router.GeoIPMatcherContainer, matcherInfos *[]*DomainMatcherInfo, updateDomainRule func(strmatcher.Matcher, int, []*DomainMatcherInfo) error) (*Client, error) {
 	client := &Client{}

 	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) error {
 		// Create a new server for each client for now
-		server, err := NewServer(ctx, ns.Address.AsDestination(), dispatcher, ns.GetQueryStrategy())
+		server, err := NewServer(ns.Address.AsDestination(), dispatcher)
 		if err != nil {
-			return errors.New("failed to create nameserver").Base(err).AtWarning()
+			return newError("failed to create nameserver").Base(err).AtWarning()
 		}

-		// Prioritize local domains with specific TLDs or those without any dot for the local DNS
+		// Priotize local domains with specific TLDs or without any dot to local DNS
 		if _, isLocalDNS := server.(*LocalNameServer); isLocalDNS {
 			ns.PrioritizedDomain = append(ns.PrioritizedDomain, localTLDsAndDotlessDomains...)
 			ns.OriginalRules = append(ns.OriginalRules, localTLDsAndDotlessDomainsRule)
 			// The following lines is a solution to avoid core panics（rule index out of range） when setting `localhost` DNS client in config.
-			// Because the `localhost` DNS client will append len(localTLDsAndDotlessDomains) rules into matcherInfos to match `geosite:private` default rule.
+			// Because the `localhost` DNS client will apend len(localTLDsAndDotlessDomains) rules into matcherInfos to match `geosite:private` default rule.
 			// But `matcherInfos` has no enough length to add rules, which leads to core panics (rule index out of range).
 			// To avoid this, the length of `matcherInfos` must be equal to the expected, so manually append it with Golang default zero value first for later modification.
 			// Related issues:
@@ -119,7 +104,7 @@ func NewClient(
 		for _, domain := range ns.PrioritizedDomain {
 			domainRule, err := toStrMatcher(domain.Type, domain.Domain)
 			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create prioritized domain").Base(err).AtWarning()
+				return newError("failed to create prioritized domain").Base(err).AtWarning()
 			}
 			originalRuleIdx := ruleCurr
 			if ruleCurr < len(ns.OriginalRules) {
@@ -138,7 +123,7 @@ func NewClient(
 			}
 			err = updateDomainRule(domainRule, originalRuleIdx, *matcherInfos)
 			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create prioritized domain").Base(err).AtWarning()
+				return newError("failed to create prioritized domain").Base(err).AtWarning()
 			}
 		}

@@ -147,7 +132,7 @@ func NewClient(
 		for _, geoip := range ns.Geoip {
 			matcher, err := container.Add(geoip)
 			if err != nil {
-				return errors.New("failed to create ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
+				return newError("failed to create ip matcher").Base(err).AtWarning()
 			}
 			matchers = append(matchers, matcher)
 		}
@@ -155,9 +140,9 @@ func NewClient(
 		if len(clientIP) > 0 {
 			switch ns.Address.Address.GetAddress().(type) {
 			case *net.IPOrDomain_Domain:
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetDomain(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
+				newError("DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetDomain(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 			case *net.IPOrDomain_Ip:
-				errors.LogInfo(ctx, "DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetIp(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String())
+				newError("DNS: client ", ns.Address.Address.GetIp(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 			}
 		}

@@ -171,6 +156,31 @@ func NewClient(
 	return client, err
 }

+// NewSimpleClient creates a DNS client with a simple destination.
+func NewSimpleClient(ctx context.Context, endpoint *net.Endpoint, clientIP net.IP) (*Client, error) {
+	client := &Client{}
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) error {
+		server, err := NewServer(endpoint.AsDestination(), dispatcher)
+		if err != nil {
+			return newError("failed to create nameserver").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		}
+		client.server = server
+		client.clientIP = clientIP
+		return nil
+	})
+
+	if len(clientIP) > 0 {
+		switch endpoint.Address.GetAddress().(type) {
+		case *net.IPOrDomain_Domain:
+			newError("DNS: client ", endpoint.Address.GetDomain(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
+		case *net.IPOrDomain_Ip:
+			newError("DNS: client ", endpoint.Address.GetIp(), " uses clientIP ", clientIP.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return client, err
+}
+
 // Name returns the server name the client manages.
 func (c *Client) Name() string {
 	return c.server.Name()
@@ -205,27 +215,6 @@ func (c *Client) MatchExpectedIPs(domain string, ips []net.IP) ([]net.IP, error)
 	if len(newIps) == 0 {
 		return nil, errExpectedIPNonMatch
 	}
-	errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "domain ", domain, " expectIPs ", newIps, " matched at server ", c.Name())
+	newError("domain ", domain, " expectIPs ", newIps, " matched at server ", c.Name()).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	return newIps, nil
 }
-
-func ResolveIpOptionOverride(queryStrategy QueryStrategy, ipOption dns.IPOption) dns.IPOption {
-	switch queryStrategy {
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP:
-		return ipOption
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP4:
-		return dns.IPOption{
-			IPv4Enable: ipOption.IPv4Enable,
-			IPv6Enable: false,
-			FakeEnable: false,
-		}
-	case QueryStrategy_USE_IP6:
-		return dns.IPOption{
-			IPv4Enable: false,
-			IPv6Enable: ipOption.IPv6Enable,
-			FakeEnable: false,
-		}
-	default:
-		return ipOption
-	}
-}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_doh.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_doh.go
@@ -3,19 +3,15 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"crypto/tls"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

-	utls "github.com/refraction-networking/utls"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/crypto"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
@@ -27,101 +23,116 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet"
 	"golang.org/x/net/dns/dnsmessage"
-	"golang.org/x/net/http2"
 )

 // DoHNameServer implemented DNS over HTTPS (RFC8484) Wire Format,
 // which is compatible with traditional dns over udp(RFC1035),
 // thus most of the DOH implementation is copied from udpns.go
 type DoHNameServer struct {
+	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
 	sync.RWMutex
-	ips           map[string]*record
-	pub           *pubsub.Service
-	cleanup       *task.Periodic
-	httpClient    *http.Client
-	dohURL        string
-	name          string
-	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
+	ips        map[string]*record
+	pub        *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup    *task.Periodic
+	reqID      uint32
+	httpClient *http.Client
+	dohURL     string
+	name       string
 }

-// NewDoHNameServer creates DOH/DOHL client object for remote/local resolving.
-func NewDoHNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, h2c bool) *DoHNameServer {
-	url.Scheme = "https"
-	mode := "DOH"
-	if dispatcher == nil {
-		mode = "DOHL"
+// NewDoHNameServer creates DOH server object for remote resolving.
+func NewDoHNameServer(url *url.URL, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) (*DoHNameServer, error) {
+	newError("DNS: created Remote DOH client for ", url.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
+	s := baseDOHNameServer(url, "DOH")
+
+	s.dispatcher = dispatcher
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		MaxIdleConns:        30,
+		IdleConnTimeout:     90 * time.Second,
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout: 30 * time.Second,
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2:   true,
+		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			link, err := s.dispatcher.Dispatch(toDnsContext(ctx, s.dohURL), dest)
+			select {
+			case <-ctx.Done():
+				return nil, ctx.Err()
+			default:
+
+			}
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+
+			cc := common.ChainedClosable{}
+			if cw, ok := link.Writer.(common.Closable); ok {
+				cc = append(cc, cw)
+			}
+			if cr, ok := link.Reader.(common.Closable); ok {
+				cc = append(cc, cr)
+			}
+			return cnc.NewConnection(
+				cnc.ConnectionInputMulti(link.Writer),
+				cnc.ConnectionOutputMulti(link.Reader),
+				cnc.ConnectionOnClose(cc),
+			), nil
+		},
 	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created ", mode, " client for ", url.String(), ", with h2c ", h2c)
+	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   time.Second * 180,
+		Transport: tr,
+	}
+
+	return s, nil
+}
+
+// NewDoHLocalNameServer creates DOH client object for local resolving
+func NewDoHLocalNameServer(url *url.URL) *DoHNameServer {
+	url.Scheme = "https"
+	s := baseDOHNameServer(url, "DOHL")
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		IdleConnTimeout:   90 * time.Second,
+		ForceAttemptHTTP2: true,
+		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
+			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			conn, err := internet.DialSystem(ctx, dest, nil)
+			log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
+				From:   "DNS",
+				To:     s.dohURL,
+				Status: log.AccessAccepted,
+				Detour: "local",
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			return conn, nil
+		},
+	}
+	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
+		Timeout:   time.Second * 180,
+		Transport: tr,
+	}
+	newError("DNS: created Local DOH client for ", url.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
+	return s
+}
+
+func baseDOHNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string) *DoHNameServer {
 	s := &DoHNameServer{
-		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
-		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
-		name:          mode + "//" + url.Host,
-		dohURL:        url.String(),
-		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+		ips:    make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:    pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:   prefix + "//" + url.Host,
+		dohURL: url.String(),
 	}
 	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
 		Interval: time.Minute,
 		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}
-	s.httpClient = &http.Client{
-		Transport: &http2.Transport{
-			IdleConnTimeout: net.ConnIdleTimeout,
-			ReadIdleTimeout: net.ChromeH2KeepAlivePeriod,
-			DialTLSContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string, cfg *tls.Config) (net.Conn, error) {
-				dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				var conn net.Conn
-				if dispatcher != nil {
-					dnsCtx := toDnsContext(ctx, s.dohURL)
-					if h2c {
-						dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMitmAlpn11(dnsCtx, false) // for insurance
-						dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMitmServerName(dnsCtx, url.Hostname())
-					}
-					link, err := dispatcher.Dispatch(dnsCtx, dest)
-					select {
-					case <-ctx.Done():
-						return nil, ctx.Err()
-					default:
-					}
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					cc := common.ChainedClosable{}
-					if cw, ok := link.Writer.(common.Closable); ok {
-						cc = append(cc, cw)
-					}
-					if cr, ok := link.Reader.(common.Closable); ok {
-						cc = append(cc, cr)
-					}
-					conn = cnc.NewConnection(
-						cnc.ConnectionInputMulti(link.Writer),
-						cnc.ConnectionOutputMulti(link.Reader),
-						cnc.ConnectionOnClose(cc),
-					)
-				} else {
-					log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
-						From:   "DNS",
-						To:     s.dohURL,
-						Status: log.AccessAccepted,
-						Detour: "local",
-					})
-					conn, err = internet.DialSystem(ctx, dest, nil)
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-				}
-				if !h2c {
-					conn = utls.UClient(conn, &utls.Config{ServerName: url.Hostname()}, utls.HelloChrome_Auto)
-					if err := conn.(*utls.UConn).HandshakeContext(ctx); err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-				}
-				return conn, nil
-			},
-		},
-	}
 	return s
 }

@@ -137,7 +148,7 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 	defer s.Unlock()

 	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+		return newError("nothing to do. stopping...")
 	}

 	for domain, record := range s.ips {
@@ -149,7 +160,7 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 		}

 		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			newError(s.name, " cleanup ", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			delete(s.ips, domain)
 		} else {
 			s.ips[domain] = record
@@ -192,7 +203,7 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
 			updated = true
 		}
 	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+	newError(s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed).AtInfo().WriteToLog()

 	if updated {
 		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
@@ -208,14 +219,14 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
 }

 func (s *DoHNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
-	return 0
+	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

 func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " querying: ", domain)
+	newError(s.name, " querying: ", domain).AtInfo().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))

 	if s.name+"." == "DOH//"+domain {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " tries to resolve itself! Use IP or set \"hosts\" instead.")
+		newError(s.name, " tries to resolve itself! Use IP or set \"hosts\" instead.").AtError().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 		return
 	}

@@ -245,7 +256,7 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP n
 			})

 			// forced to use mux for DOH
-			// dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMuxPreferred(dnsCtx, true)
+			// dnsCtx = session.ContextWithMuxPrefered(dnsCtx, true)

 			var cancel context.CancelFunc
 			dnsCtx, cancel = context.WithDeadline(dnsCtx, deadline)
@@ -253,17 +264,17 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP n

 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query for ", domain)
+				newError("failed to pack dns query for ", domain).Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			resp, err := s.dohHTTPSContext(dnsCtx, b.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to retrieve response for ", domain)
+				newError("failed to retrieve response for ", domain).Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			rec, err := parseResponse(resp)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle DOH response for ", domain)
+				newError("failed to handle DOH response for ", domain).Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			s.updateIP(r, rec)
@@ -281,8 +292,6 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) dohHTTPSContext(ctx context.Context, b []byte) ([]byte,
 	req.Header.Add("Accept", "application/dns-message")
 	req.Header.Add("Content-Type", "application/dns-message")

-	req.Header.Set("X-Padding", strings.Repeat("X", int(crypto.RandBetween(100, 1000))))
-
 	hc := s.httpClient

 	resp, err := hc.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
@@ -344,17 +353,13 @@ func (s *DoHNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOpt
 // QueryIP implements Server.
 func (s *DoHNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) { // nolint: dupl
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}

 	if disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+		newError("DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	} else {
 		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
-			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			newError(s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips).Base(err).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
 			return ips, err
 		}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_doh_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_doh_test.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ func TestDOHNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP, nil, false)
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
 	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
 	common.Must(err)

-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP, nil, false)
+	s := NewDoHLocalNameServer(url)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
 	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
@@ -57,49 +57,3 @@ func TestDOHNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(r)
 	}
 }
-
-func TestDOHNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
-	common.Must(err)
-
-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4, nil, false)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: true,
-	}, false)
-	cancel()
-	common.Must(err)
-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
-	}
-
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		if len(ip) != net.IPv4len {
-			t.Error("expect only IPv4 response from DNS query")
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDOHNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("https+local://1.1.1.1/dns-query")
-	common.Must(err)
-
-	s := NewDoHNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6, nil, false)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: true,
-	}, false)
-	cancel()
-	common.Must(err)
-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
-	}
-
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		if len(ip) != net.IPv6len {
-			t.Error("expect only IPv6 response from DNS query")
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_fakedns.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_fakedns.go
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ package dns
 import (
 	"context"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
 )

@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ type FakeDNSServer struct {
 	fakeDNSEngine dns.FakeDNSEngine
 }

-func NewFakeDNSServer(fd dns.FakeDNSEngine) *FakeDNSServer {
-	return &FakeDNSServer{fakeDNSEngine: fd}
+func NewFakeDNSServer() *FakeDNSServer {
+	return &FakeDNSServer{}
 }

 func (FakeDNSServer) Name() string {
@@ -22,9 +22,12 @@ func (FakeDNSServer) Name() string {

 func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, opt dns.IPOption, _ bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	if f.fakeDNSEngine == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("Unable to locate a fake DNS Engine").AtError()
+		if err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(fd dns.FakeDNSEngine) {
+			f.fakeDNSEngine = fd
+		}); err != nil {
+			return nil, newError("Unable to locate a fake DNS Engine").Base(err).AtError()
+		}
 	}
-
 	var ips []net.Address
 	if fkr0, ok := f.fakeDNSEngine.(dns.FakeDNSEngineRev0); ok {
 		ips = fkr0.GetFakeIPForDomain3(domain, opt.IPv4Enable, opt.IPv6Enable)
@@ -34,10 +37,10 @@ func (f *FakeDNSServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, op

 	netIP, err := toNetIP(ips)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("Unable to convert IP to net ip").Base(err).AtError()
+		return nil, newError("Unable to convert IP to net ip").Base(err).AtError()
 	}

-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, f.Name(), " got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+	newError(f.Name(), " got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips).AtInfo().WriteToLog()

 	if len(netIP) > 0 {
 		return netIP, nil
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_local.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_local.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
@@ -14,19 +13,13 @@ import (

 // LocalNameServer is an wrapper over local DNS feature.
 type LocalNameServer struct {
-	client        *localdns.Client
-	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
+	client *localdns.Client
 }

 const errEmptyResponse = "No address associated with hostname"

 // QueryIP implements Server.
-func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, option dns.IPOption, _ bool) (ips []net.IP, err error) {
-	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, dns.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}
-
+func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(_ context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP, option dns.IPOption, _ bool) (ips []net.IP, err error) {
 	start := time.Now()
 	ips, err = s.client.LookupIP(domain, option)

@@ -35,7 +28,7 @@ func (s *LocalNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, _ net.IP,
 	}

 	if len(ips) > 0 {
-		errors.LogInfo(ctx, "Localhost got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+		newError("Localhost got answer: ", domain, " -> ", ips).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 		log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.Name(), Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSQueried, Elapsed: time.Since(start), Error: err})
 	}

@@ -48,15 +41,14 @@ func (s *LocalNameServer) Name() string {
 }

 // NewLocalNameServer creates localdns server object for directly lookup in system DNS.
-func NewLocalNameServer(queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *LocalNameServer {
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created localhost client")
+func NewLocalNameServer() *LocalNameServer {
+	newError("DNS: created localhost client").AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 	return &LocalNameServer{
-		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
-		client:        localdns.New(),
+		client: localdns.New(),
 	}
 }

 // NewLocalDNSClient creates localdns client object for directly lookup in system DNS.
 func NewLocalDNSClient() *Client {
-	return &Client{server: NewLocalNameServer(QueryStrategy_USE_IP)}
+	return &Client{server: NewLocalNameServer()}
 }
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_local_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_local_test.go
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import (
 )

 func TestLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
-	s := NewLocalNameServer(QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
+	s := NewLocalNameServer()
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
 	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP{}, dns.IPOption{
 		IPv4Enable: true,
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_quic.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_quic.go
@@ -1,17 +1,15 @@
 package dns

 import (
-	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"encoding/binary"
 	"net/url"
 	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/quic-go/quic-go"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
@@ -26,28 +24,28 @@ import (

 // NextProtoDQ - During connection establishment, DNS/QUIC support is indicated
 // by selecting the ALPN token "dq" in the crypto handshake.
-const NextProtoDQ = "doq"
+const NextProtoDQ = "doq-i00"

 const handshakeTimeout = time.Second * 8

 // QUICNameServer implemented DNS over QUIC
 type QUICNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	ips           map[string]*record
-	pub           *pubsub.Service
-	cleanup       *task.Periodic
-	name          string
-	destination   *net.Destination
-	connection    quic.Connection
-	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
+	ips         map[string]*record
+	pub         *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup     *task.Periodic
+	reqID       uint32
+	name        string
+	destination *net.Destination
+	connection  quic.Connection
 }

 // NewQUICNameServer creates DNS-over-QUIC client object for local resolving
-func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*QUICNameServer, error) {
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created Local DNS-over-QUIC client for ", url.String())
+func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL) (*QUICNameServer, error) {
+	newError("DNS: created Local DNS-over-QUIC client for ", url.String()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()

 	var err error
-	port := net.Port(853)
+	port := net.Port(784)
 	if url.Port() != "" {
 		port, err = net.PortFromString(url.Port())
 		if err != nil {
@@ -57,11 +55,10 @@ func NewQUICNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*QUICNameServ
 	dest := net.UDPDestination(net.ParseAddress(url.Hostname()), port)

 	s := &QUICNameServer{
-		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
-		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
-		name:          url.String(),
-		destination:   &dest,
-		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+		ips:         make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:         pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:        url.String(),
+		destination: &dest,
 	}
 	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
 		Interval: time.Minute,
@@ -83,7 +80,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 	defer s.Unlock()

 	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+		return newError("nothing to do. stopping...")
 	}

 	for domain, record := range s.ips {
@@ -95,7 +92,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 		}

 		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			newError(s.name, " cleanup ", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			delete(s.ips, domain)
 		} else {
 			s.ips[domain] = record
@@ -138,7 +135,7 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
 			updated = true
 		}
 	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+	newError(s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed).AtInfo().WriteToLog()

 	if updated {
 		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
@@ -154,11 +151,11 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
 }

 func (s *QUICNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
-	return 0
+	return uint16(atomic.AddUint32(&s.reqID, 1))
 }

 func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " querying: ", domain)
+	newError(s.name, " querying: ", domain).AtInfo().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))

 	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

@@ -191,24 +188,19 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP

 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query")
+				newError("failed to pack dns query").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

-			dnsReqBuf := buf.New()
-			binary.Write(dnsReqBuf, binary.BigEndian, uint16(b.Len()))
-			dnsReqBuf.Write(b.Bytes())
-			b.Release()
-
 			conn, err := s.openStream(dnsCtx)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to open quic connection")
+				newError("failed to open quic connection").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

-			_, err = conn.Write(dnsReqBuf.Bytes())
+			_, err = conn.Write(b.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to send query")
+				newError("failed to send query").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

@@ -216,27 +208,15 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP

 			respBuf := buf.New()
 			defer respBuf.Release()
-			n, err := respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, 2)
+			n, err := respBuf.ReadFrom(conn)
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
-				return
-			}
-			var length int16
-			err = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(respBuf.Bytes()), binary.BigEndian, &length)
-			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse response length")
-				return
-			}
-			respBuf.Clear()
-			n, err = respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, int32(length))
-			if err != nil && n == 0 {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
+				newError("failed to read response").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

 			rec, err := parseResponse(respBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to handle response")
+				newError("failed to handle response").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			s.updateIP(r, rec)
@@ -289,17 +269,13 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOp
 // QueryIP is called from dns.Server->queryIPTimeout
 func (s *QUICNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}

 	if disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+		newError("DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	} else {
 		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
-			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			newError(s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips).Base(err).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
 			return ips, err
 		}
@@ -397,8 +373,8 @@ func (s *QUICNameServer) openConnection() (quic.Connection, error) {
 	quicConfig := &quic.Config{
 		HandshakeIdleTimeout: handshakeTimeout,
 	}
-	tlsConfig.ServerName = s.destination.Address.String()
-	conn, err := quic.DialAddr(context.Background(), s.destination.NetAddr(), tlsConfig.GetTLSConfig(tls.WithNextProto("http/1.1", http2.NextProtoTLS, NextProtoDQ)), quicConfig)
+
+	conn, err := quic.DialAddrContext(context.Background(), s.destination.NetAddr(), tlsConfig.GetTLSConfig(tls.WithNextProto("http/1.1", http2.NextProtoTLS, NextProtoDQ)), quicConfig)
 	log.Record(&log.AccessMessage{
 		From:   "DNS",
 		To:     s.destination,
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_quic_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_quic_test.go
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ import (
 )

 func TestQUICNameServer(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
+	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard.com")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
+	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
 	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
@@ -40,49 +40,3 @@ func TestQUICNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(r)
 	}
 }
-
-func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
-	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
-	common.Must(err)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: true,
-	}, false)
-	cancel()
-	common.Must(err)
-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
-	}
-
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		if len(ip) != net.IPv4len {
-			t.Error("expect only IPv4 response from DNS query")
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestQUICNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("quic://dns.adguard-dns.com")
-	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewQUICNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
-	common.Must(err)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*2)
-	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: true,
-	}, false)
-	cancel()
-	common.Must(err)
-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
-	}
-
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		if len(ip) != net.IPv6len {
-			t.Error("expect only IPv6 response from DNS query")
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_tcp.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_tcp.go
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
@@ -28,23 +27,18 @@ import (
 // TCPNameServer implemented DNS over TCP (RFC7766).
 type TCPNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	name          string
-	destination   *net.Destination
-	ips           map[string]*record
-	pub           *pubsub.Service
-	cleanup       *task.Periodic
-	reqID         uint32
-	dial          func(context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
-	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
+	name        string
+	destination *net.Destination
+	ips         map[string]*record
+	pub         *pubsub.Service
+	cleanup     *task.Periodic
+	reqID       uint32
+	dial        func(context.Context) (net.Conn, error)
 }

 // NewTCPNameServer creates DNS over TCP server object for remote resolving.
-func NewTCPNameServer(
-	url *url.URL,
-	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher,
-	queryStrategy QueryStrategy,
-) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
-	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCP", queryStrategy)
+func NewTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCP")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -65,8 +59,8 @@ func NewTCPNameServer(
 }

 // NewTCPLocalNameServer creates DNS over TCP client object for local resolving
-func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
-	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCPL", queryStrategy)
+func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+	s, err := baseTCPNameServer(url, "TCPL")
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -78,22 +72,22 @@ func NewTCPLocalNameServer(url *url.URL, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameS
 	return s, nil
 }

-func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+func baseTCPNameServer(url *url.URL, prefix string) (*TCPNameServer, error) {
+	var err error
 	port := net.Port(53)
 	if url.Port() != "" {
-		var err error
-		if port, err = net.PortFromString(url.Port()); err != nil {
+		port, err = net.PortFromString(url.Port())
+		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 	}
 	dest := net.TCPDestination(net.ParseAddress(url.Hostname()), port)

 	s := &TCPNameServer{
-		destination:   &dest,
-		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
-		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
-		name:          prefix + "//" + dest.NetAddr(),
-		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+		destination: &dest,
+		ips:         make(map[string]*record),
+		pub:         pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:        prefix + "//" + dest.NetAddr(),
 	}
 	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
 		Interval: time.Minute,
@@ -115,7 +109,7 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 	defer s.Unlock()

 	if len(s.ips) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("nothing to do. stopping...")
+		return newError("nothing to do. stopping...")
 	}

 	for domain, record := range s.ips {
@@ -127,7 +121,7 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 		}

 		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			newError(s.name, " cleanup ", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			delete(s.ips, domain)
 		} else {
 			s.ips[domain] = record
@@ -170,7 +164,7 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) updateIP(req *dnsRequest, ipRec *IPRecord) {
 			updated = true
 		}
 	}
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+	newError(s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed).AtInfo().WriteToLog()

 	if updated {
 		s.ips[req.domain] = rec
@@ -190,7 +184,7 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) newReqID() uint16 {
 }

 func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain)
+	newError(s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))

 	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

@@ -220,13 +214,13 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP n

 			b, err := dns.PackMessage(r.msg)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to pack dns query")
+				newError("failed to pack dns query").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

 			conn, err := s.dial(dnsCtx)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to dial namesever")
+				newError("failed to dial namesever").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			defer conn.Close()
@@ -237,7 +231,7 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP n

 			_, err = conn.Write(dnsReqBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to send query")
+				newError("failed to send query").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			dnsReqBuf.Release()
@@ -246,25 +240,25 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP n
 			defer respBuf.Release()
 			n, err := respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, 2)
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
+				newError("failed to read response length").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			var length int16
 			err = binary.Read(bytes.NewReader(respBuf.Bytes()), binary.BigEndian, &length)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse response length")
+				newError("failed to parse response length").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}
 			respBuf.Clear()
 			n, err = respBuf.ReadFullFrom(conn, int32(length))
 			if err != nil && n == 0 {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to read response length")
+				newError("failed to read response length").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

 			rec, err := parseResponse(respBuf.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(ctx, err, "failed to parse DNS over TCP response")
+				newError("failed to parse DNS over TCP response").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 				return
 			}

@@ -314,17 +308,13 @@ func (s *TCPNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.IPOpt
 // QueryIP implements Server.
 func (s *TCPNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}

 	if disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+		newError("DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	} else {
 		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
-			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			newError(s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips).Base(err).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
 			return ips, err
 		}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_tcp_test.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_tcp_test.go
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 func TestTCPLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
 	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServer(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
 	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP)
+	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url)
 	common.Must(err)
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
 	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
@@ -57,51 +57,3 @@ func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithCache(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatal(r)
 	}
 }
-
-func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv4Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
-	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP4)
-	common.Must(err)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: true,
-	}, false)
-	cancel()
-	common.Must(err)
-
-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
-	}
-
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		if len(ip) != net.IPv4len {
-			t.Error("expect only IPv4 response from DNS query")
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestTCPLocalNameServerWithIPv6Override(t *testing.T) {
-	url, err := url.Parse("tcp+local://8.8.8.8")
-	common.Must(err)
-	s, err := NewTCPLocalNameServer(url, QueryStrategy_USE_IP6)
-	common.Must(err)
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Second*5)
-	ips, err := s.QueryIP(ctx, "google.com", net.IP(nil), dns_feature.IPOption{
-		IPv4Enable: true,
-		IPv6Enable: true,
-	}, false)
-	cancel()
-	common.Must(err)
-
-	if len(ips) == 0 {
-		t.Error("expect some ips, but got 0")
-	}
-
-	for _, ip := range ips {
-		if len(ip) != net.IPv6len {
-			t.Error("expect only IPv6 response from DNS query")
-		}
-	}
-}
--- a/app/dns/nameserver_udp.go
+++ b/app/dns/nameserver_udp.go
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/dns"
 	udp_proto "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol/udp"
+	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/pubsub"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
 	dns_feature "github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/dns"
@@ -24,38 +24,36 @@ import (
 // ClassicNameServer implemented traditional UDP DNS.
 type ClassicNameServer struct {
 	sync.RWMutex
-	name          string
-	address       *net.Destination
-	ips           map[string]*record
-	requests      map[uint16]*dnsRequest
-	pub           *pubsub.Service
-	udpServer     *udp.Dispatcher
-	cleanup       *task.Periodic
-	reqID         uint32
-	queryStrategy QueryStrategy
+	name      string
+	address   *net.Destination
+	ips       map[string]*record
+	requests  map[uint16]*dnsRequest
+	pub       *pubsub.Service
+	udpServer *udp.Dispatcher
+	cleanup   *task.Periodic
+	reqID     uint32
 }

 // NewClassicNameServer creates udp server object for remote resolving.
-func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, queryStrategy QueryStrategy) *ClassicNameServer {
+func NewClassicNameServer(address net.Destination, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher) *ClassicNameServer {
 	// default to 53 if unspecific
 	if address.Port == 0 {
 		address.Port = net.Port(53)
 	}

 	s := &ClassicNameServer{
-		address:       &address,
-		ips:           make(map[string]*record),
-		requests:      make(map[uint16]*dnsRequest),
-		pub:           pubsub.NewService(),
-		name:          strings.ToUpper(address.String()),
-		queryStrategy: queryStrategy,
+		address:  &address,
+		ips:      make(map[string]*record),
+		requests: make(map[uint16]*dnsRequest),
+		pub:      pubsub.NewService(),
+		name:     strings.ToUpper(address.String()),
 	}
 	s.cleanup = &task.Periodic{
 		Interval: time.Minute,
 		Execute:  s.Cleanup,
 	}
 	s.udpServer = udp.NewDispatcher(dispatcher, s.HandleResponse)
-	errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "DNS: created UDP client initialized for ", address.NetAddr())
+	newError("DNS: created UDP client initialized for ", address.NetAddr()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 	return s
 }

@@ -71,7 +69,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 	defer s.Unlock()

 	if len(s.ips) == 0 && len(s.requests) == 0 {
-		return errors.New(s.name, " nothing to do. stopping...")
+		return newError(s.name, " nothing to do. stopping...")
 	}

 	for domain, record := range s.ips {
@@ -83,7 +81,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 		}

 		if record.A == nil && record.AAAA == nil {
-			errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " cleanup ", domain)
+			newError(s.name, " cleanup ", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			delete(s.ips, domain)
 		} else {
 			s.ips[domain] = record
@@ -111,7 +109,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) Cleanup() error {
 func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_proto.Packet) {
 	ipRec, err := parseResponse(packet.Payload.Bytes())
 	if err != nil {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " fail to parse responded DNS udp")
+		newError(s.name, " fail to parse responded DNS udp").AtError().WriteToLog()
 		return
 	}

@@ -124,7 +122,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_prot
 	}
 	s.Unlock()
 	if !ok {
-		errors.LogError(ctx, s.name, " cannot find the pending request")
+		newError(s.name, " cannot find the pending request").AtError().WriteToLog()
 		return
 	}

@@ -137,7 +135,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) HandleResponse(ctx context.Context, packet *udp_prot
 	}

 	elapsed := time.Since(req.start)
-	errors.LogInfo(ctx, s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed)
+	newError(s.name, " got answer: ", req.domain, " ", req.reqType, " -> ", ipRec.IP, " ", elapsed).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 	if len(req.domain) > 0 && (rec.A != nil || rec.AAAA != nil) {
 		s.updateIP(req.domain, &rec)
 	}
@@ -162,7 +160,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) updateIP(domain string, newRec *record) {
 	}

 	if updated {
-		errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), s.name, " updating IP records for domain:", domain)
+		newError(s.name, " updating IP records for domain:", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 		s.ips[domain] = rec
 	}
 	if newRec.A != nil {
@@ -189,7 +187,7 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) addPendingRequest(req *dnsRequest) {
 }

 func (s *ClassicNameServer) sendQuery(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption) {
-	errors.LogDebug(ctx, s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain)
+	newError(s.name, " querying DNS for: ", domain).AtDebug().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))

 	reqs := buildReqMsgs(domain, option, s.newReqID, genEDNS0Options(clientIP))

@@ -241,17 +239,13 @@ func (s *ClassicNameServer) findIPsForDomain(domain string, option dns_feature.I
 // QueryIP implements Server.
 func (s *ClassicNameServer) QueryIP(ctx context.Context, domain string, clientIP net.IP, option dns_feature.IPOption, disableCache bool) ([]net.IP, error) {
 	fqdn := Fqdn(domain)
-	option = ResolveIpOptionOverride(s.queryStrategy, option)
-	if !option.IPv4Enable && !option.IPv6Enable {
-		return nil, dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse
-	}

 	if disableCache {
-		errors.LogDebug(ctx, "DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name)
+		newError("DNS cache is disabled. Querying IP for ", domain, " at ", s.name).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	} else {
 		ips, err := s.findIPsForDomain(fqdn, option)
-		if err == nil || err == dns_feature.ErrEmptyResponse {
-			errors.LogDebugInner(ctx, err, s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips)
+		if err != errRecordNotFound {
+			newError(s.name, " cache HIT ", domain, " -> ", ips).Base(err).AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 			log.Record(&log.DNSLog{Server: s.name, Domain: domain, Result: ips, Status: log.DNSCacheHit, Elapsed: 0, Error: err})
 			return ips, err
 		}
--- a/app/log/command/command.go
+++ b/app/log/command/command.go
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 package command

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/log"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	grpc "google.golang.org/grpc"
 )
@@ -18,13 +19,13 @@ type LoggerServer struct {
 func (s *LoggerServer) RestartLogger(ctx context.Context, request *RestartLoggerRequest) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error) {
 	logger := s.V.GetFeature((*log.Instance)(nil))
 	if logger == nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("unable to get logger instance")
+		return nil, newError("unable to get logger instance")
 	}
 	if err := logger.Close(); err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to close logger").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("failed to close logger").Base(err)
 	}
 	if err := logger.Start(); err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to start logger").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("failed to start logger").Base(err)
 	}
 	return &RestartLoggerResponse{}, nil
 }
--- a/app/log/command/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/log/command/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/log/command/config.proto

 package command
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -64,9 +66,11 @@ type RestartLoggerRequest struct {

 func (x *RestartLoggerRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = RestartLoggerRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RestartLoggerRequest) String() string {
@@ -77,7 +81,7 @@ func (*RestartLoggerRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RestartLoggerRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -100,9 +104,11 @@ type RestartLoggerResponse struct {

 func (x *RestartLoggerResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = RestartLoggerResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *RestartLoggerResponse) String() string {
@@ -113,7 +119,7 @@ func (*RestartLoggerResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *RestartLoggerResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -168,7 +174,7 @@ func file_app_log_command_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 3)
-var file_app_log_command_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_log_command_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil),                // 0: xray.app.log.command.Config
 	(*RestartLoggerRequest)(nil),  // 1: xray.app.log.command.RestartLoggerRequest
 	(*RestartLoggerResponse)(nil), // 2: xray.app.log.command.RestartLoggerResponse
@@ -188,6 +194,44 @@ func file_app_log_command_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_log_command_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RestartLoggerRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_log_command_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*RestartLoggerResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/log/command/config_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/log/command/config_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.2.0
+// - protoc             v3.21.12
 // source: app/log/command/config.proto

 package command
@@ -15,12 +15,8 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
-
-const (
-	LoggerService_RestartLogger_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.log.command.LoggerService/RestartLogger"
-)
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 // LoggerServiceClient is the client API for LoggerService service.
 //
@@ -38,9 +34,8 @@ func NewLoggerServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) LoggerServiceClient {
 }

 func (c *loggerServiceClient) RestartLogger(ctx context.Context, in *RestartLoggerRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RestartLoggerResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, LoggerService_RestartLogger_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.log.command.LoggerService/RestartLogger", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -49,24 +44,20 @@ func (c *loggerServiceClient) RestartLogger(ctx context.Context, in *RestartLogg

 // LoggerServiceServer is the server API for LoggerService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type LoggerServiceServer interface {
 	RestartLogger(context.Context, *RestartLoggerRequest) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedLoggerServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer struct {
+}

 func (UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer) RestartLogger(context.Context, *RestartLoggerRequest) (*RestartLoggerResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method RestartLogger not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedLoggerServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                       {}

 // UnsafeLoggerServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to LoggerServiceServer will
@@ -76,13 +67,6 @@ type UnsafeLoggerServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterLoggerServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv LoggerServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedLoggerServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&LoggerService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

@@ -96,7 +80,7 @@ func _LoggerService_RestartLogger_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: LoggerService_RestartLogger_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.log.command.LoggerService/RestartLogger",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(LoggerServiceServer).RestartLogger(ctx, req.(*RestartLoggerRequest))
--- a/app/log/command/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/log/command/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package command
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/log/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/log/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/log/config.proto

 package log
@@ -84,14 +84,15 @@ type Config struct {
 	AccessLogType LogType      `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=access_log_type,json=accessLogType,proto3,enum=xray.app.log.LogType" json:"access_log_type,omitempty"`
 	AccessLogPath string       `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=access_log_path,json=accessLogPath,proto3" json:"access_log_path,omitempty"`
 	EnableDnsLog  bool         `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=enable_dns_log,json=enableDnsLog,proto3" json:"enable_dns_log,omitempty"`
-	MaskAddress   string       `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=mask_address,json=maskAddress,proto3" json:"mask_address,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -102,7 +103,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -159,20 +160,13 @@ func (x *Config) GetEnableDnsLog() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Config) GetMaskAddress() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.MaskAddress
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 var File_app_log_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_log_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x0a, 0x14, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67,
 	0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x0c, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70,
 	0x2e, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x1a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67,
-	0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xde, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x43,
+	0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x22, 0xbb, 0x02, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x43,
 	0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x3b, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x65, 0x72, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x5f, 0x6c,
 	0x6f, 0x67, 0x5f, 0x74, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0e, 0x32, 0x15, 0x2e,
 	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67,
@@ -192,18 +186,15 @@ var file_app_log_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0d, 0x61, 0x63, 0x63, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x50, 0x61,
 	0x74, 0x68, 0x12, 0x24, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x5f, 0x64, 0x6e, 0x73,
 	0x5f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x18, 0x06, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52, 0x0c, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62,
-	0x6c, 0x65, 0x44, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x12, 0x21, 0x0a, 0x0c, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x73, 0x6b,
-	0x5f, 0x61, 0x64, 0x64, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x18, 0x07, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0b,
-	0x6d, 0x61, 0x73, 0x6b, 0x41, 0x64, 0x64, 0x72, 0x65, 0x73, 0x73, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4c,
-	0x6f, 0x67, 0x54, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x4e, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x10, 0x00,
-	0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a,
-	0x04, 0x46, 0x69, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x02, 0x12, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x45, 0x76, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74,
-	0x10, 0x03, 0x42, 0x46, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61,
-	0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x21, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62,
-	0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63,
-	0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x58, 0x72,
-	0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74,
-	0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x6c, 0x65, 0x44, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x2a, 0x35, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x54,
+	0x79, 0x70, 0x65, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x4e, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x10, 0x00, 0x12, 0x0b, 0x0a,
+	0x07, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x73, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x01, 0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x46, 0x69,
+	0x6c, 0x65, 0x10, 0x02, 0x12, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x45, 0x76, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x74, 0x10, 0x03, 0x42,
+	0x46, 0x0a, 0x10, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e,
+	0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x21, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f,
+	0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65,
+	0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x0c, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
+	0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4c, 0x6f, 0x67, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -220,7 +211,7 @@ func file_app_log_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {

 var file_app_log_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 1)
 var file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 1)
-var file_app_log_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_log_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(LogType)(0),      // 0: xray.app.log.LogType
 	(*Config)(nil),    // 1: xray.app.log.Config
 	(log.Severity)(0), // 2: xray.common.log.Severity
@@ -241,6 +232,20 @@ func file_app_log_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_log_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_log_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/log/config.proto
+++ b/app/log/config.proto
@@ -23,5 +23,4 @@ message Config {
  LogType access_log_type = 4;
  string access_log_path = 5;
  bool enable_dns_log = 6;
-  string mask_address= 7;
 }
--- a/app/log/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/log/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package log
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/log/log.go
+++ b/app/log/log.go
@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
 package log

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 )

@@ -31,13 +29,13 @@ func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Instance, error) {
 	}
 	log.RegisterHandler(g)

-	// start logger now,
-	// then other modules will be able to log during initialization
+	// start logger instantly on inited
+	// other modules would log during init
 	if err := g.startInternal(); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

-	errors.LogDebug(ctx, "Logger started")
+	newError("Logger started").AtDebug().WriteToLog()
 	return g, nil
 }

@@ -79,10 +77,10 @@ func (g *Instance) startInternal() error {
 	g.active = true

 	if err := g.initAccessLogger(); err != nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to initialize access logger").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		return newError("failed to initialize access logger").Base(err).AtWarning()
 	}
 	if err := g.initErrorLogger(); err != nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to initialize error logger").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		return newError("failed to initialize error logger").Base(err).AtWarning()
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -102,25 +100,18 @@ func (g *Instance) Handle(msg log.Message) {
 		return
 	}

-	var Msg log.Message
-	if g.config.MaskAddress != "" {
-		Msg = &MaskedMsgWrapper{Message: msg, config: g.config}
-	} else {
-		Msg = msg
-	}
-
 	switch msg := msg.(type) {
 	case *log.AccessMessage:
 		if g.accessLogger != nil {
-			g.accessLogger.Handle(Msg)
+			g.accessLogger.Handle(msg)
 		}
 	case *log.DNSLog:
 		if g.dns && g.accessLogger != nil {
-			g.accessLogger.Handle(Msg)
+			g.accessLogger.Handle(msg)
 		}
 	case *log.GeneralMessage:
 		if g.errorLogger != nil && msg.Severity <= g.config.ErrorLogLevel {
-			g.errorLogger.Handle(Msg)
+			g.errorLogger.Handle(msg)
 		}
 	default:
 		// Swallow
@@ -129,7 +120,7 @@ func (g *Instance) Handle(msg log.Message) {

 // Close implements common.Closable.Close().
 func (g *Instance) Close() error {
-	errors.LogDebug(context.Background(), "Logger closing")
+	newError("Logger closing").AtDebug().WriteToLog()

 	g.Lock()
 	defer g.Unlock()
@@ -149,56 +140,6 @@ func (g *Instance) Close() error {
 	return nil
 }

-// MaskedMsgWrapper is to wrap the string() method to mask IP addresses in the log.
-type MaskedMsgWrapper struct {
-	log.Message
-	config *Config
-}
-
-func (m *MaskedMsgWrapper) String() string {
-	str := m.Message.String()
-
-	ipv4Regex := regexp.MustCompile(`(\d{1,3}\.){3}\d{1,3}`)
-	ipv6Regex := regexp.MustCompile(`((?:[\da-fA-F]{0,4}:[\da-fA-F]{0,4}){2,7})(?:[\/\\%](\d{1,3}))?`)
-
-	// Process ipv4
-	maskedMsg := ipv4Regex.ReplaceAllStringFunc(str, func(ip string) string {
-		parts := strings.Split(ip, ".")
-		switch m.config.MaskAddress {
-		case "half":
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%s.%s.*.*", parts[0], parts[1])
-		case "quarter":
-			return fmt.Sprintf("%s.*.*.*", parts[0])
-		case "full":
-			return "[Masked IPv4]"
-		default:
-			return ip
-		}
-	})
-
-	// process ipv6
-	maskedMsg = ipv6Regex.ReplaceAllStringFunc(maskedMsg, func(ip string) string {
-		parts := strings.Split(ip, ":")
-		switch m.config.MaskAddress {
-		case "half":
-			if len(parts) >= 2 {
-				return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s::/32", parts[0], parts[1])
-			}
-		case "quarter":
-			if len(parts) >= 1 {
-				return fmt.Sprintf("%s::/16", parts[0])
-			}
-		case "full":
-			return "Masked IPv6" // Do not use [Masked IPv6] like ipv4, or you will get "[[Masked IPv6]]" (v6 address already has [])
-		default:
-			return ip
-		}
-		return ip
-	})
-
-	return maskedMsg
-}
-
 func init() {
 	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return New(ctx, config.(*Config))
--- a/app/log/log_creator.go
+++ b/app/log/log_creator.go
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/log"
 )

@@ -20,7 +19,7 @@ var handlerCreatorMapLock = &sync.RWMutex{}

 func RegisterHandlerCreator(logType LogType, f HandlerCreator) error {
 	if f == nil {
-		return errors.New("nil HandlerCreator")
+		return newError("nil HandlerCreator")
 	}

 	handlerCreatorMapLock.Lock()
@@ -36,7 +35,7 @@ func createHandler(logType LogType, options HandlerCreatorOptions) (log.Handler,

 	creator, found := handlerCreatorMap[logType]
 	if !found {
-		return nil, errors.New("unable to create log handler for ", logType)
+		return nil, newError("unable to create log handler for ", logType)
 	}
 	return creator(logType, options)
 }
--- a/app/metrics/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/metrics/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/metrics/config.proto

 package metrics
@@ -27,15 +27,16 @@ type Config struct {
 	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields

 	// Tag of the outbound handler that handles metrics http connections.
-	Tag    string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
-	Listen string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=listen,proto3" json:"listen,omitempty"`
+	Tag string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=tag,proto3" json:"tag,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -68,28 +69,20 @@ func (x *Config) GetTag() string {
 	return ""
 }

-func (x *Config) GetListen() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Listen
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 var File_app_metrics_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor

 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x0a, 0x18, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x63, 0x6f,
 	0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x10, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x22, 0x32, 0x0a, 0x06,
+	0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x22, 0x1a, 0x0a, 0x06,
 	0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x10, 0x0a, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20,
-	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x12, 0x16, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74,
-	0x65, 0x6e, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x06, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x73, 0x74, 0x65, 0x6e,
-	0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70,
-	0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68,
-	0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
-	0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63,
-	0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74,
-	0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x03, 0x74, 0x61, 0x67, 0x42, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x14, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e,
+	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73,
+	0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x25, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78,
+	0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70,
+	0x70, 0x2f, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x10, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79,
+	0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x72, 0x69, 0x63, 0x73, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72,
+	0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -105,7 +98,7 @@ func file_app_metrics_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 1)
-var file_app_metrics_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_metrics_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Config)(nil), // 0: xray.app.metrics.Config
 }
 var file_app_metrics_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
@@ -121,6 +114,20 @@ func file_app_metrics_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_metrics_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_metrics_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/metrics/config.proto
+++ b/app/metrics/config.proto
@@ -10,5 +10,4 @@ option java_multiple_files = true;
 message Config {
  // Tag of the outbound handler that handles metrics http connections.
  string tag = 1;
-  string listen = 2;
 }
--- a/app/metrics/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/metrics/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package metrics
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/metrics/metrics.go
+++ b/app/metrics/metrics.go
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/observatory"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/stats"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
@@ -24,15 +23,12 @@ type MetricsHandler struct {
 	statsManager feature_stats.Manager
 	observatory  extension.Observatory
 	tag          string
-	listen       string
-	tcpListener  net.Listener
 }

 // NewMetricsHandler creates a new MetricsHandler based on the given config.
 func NewMetricsHandler(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*MetricsHandler, error) {
 	c := &MetricsHandler{
-		tag:    config.Tag,
-		listen: config.Listen,
+		tag: config.Tag,
 	}
 	common.Must(core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, sm feature_stats.Manager) {
 		c.statsManager = sm
@@ -90,23 +86,6 @@ func (p *MetricsHandler) Type() interface{} {
 }

 func (p *MetricsHandler) Start() error {
-
-	// direct listen a port if listen is set
-	if p.listen != "" {
-		TCPlistener, err := net.Listen("tcp", p.listen)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		p.tcpListener = TCPlistener
-		errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "Metrics server listening on ", p.listen)
-
-		go func() {
-			if err := http.Serve(TCPlistener, http.DefaultServeMux); err != nil {
-				errors.LogErrorInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to start metrics server")
-			}
-		}()
-	}
-
 	listener := &OutboundListener{
 		buffer: make(chan net.Conn, 4),
 		done:   done.New(),
@@ -114,12 +93,12 @@ func (p *MetricsHandler) Start() error {

 	go func() {
 		if err := http.Serve(listener, http.DefaultServeMux); err != nil {
-			errors.LogErrorInner(context.Background(), err, "failed to start metrics server")
+			newError("failed to start metrics server").Base(err).AtError().WriteToLog()
 		}
 	}()

 	if err := p.ohm.RemoveHandler(context.Background(), p.tag); err != nil {
-		errors.LogInfo(context.Background(), "failed to remove existing handler")
+		newError("failed to remove existing handler").WriteToLog()
 	}

 	return p.ohm.AddHandler(context.Background(), &Outbound{
--- a/app/metrics/outbound.go
+++ b/app/metrics/outbound.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net/cnc"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
@@ -32,7 +31,7 @@ func (l *OutboundListener) add(conn net.Conn) {
 func (l *OutboundListener) Accept() (net.Conn, error) {
 	select {
 	case <-l.done.Wait():
-		return nil, errors.New("listen closed")
+		return nil, newError("listen closed")
 	case c := <-l.buffer:
 		return c, nil
 	}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/burst.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/burst.go
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-package burst
-
-import (
-	"math"
-	"time"
-)
-
-const (
-	rttFailed = time.Duration(math.MaxInt64 - iota)
-	rttUntested
-	rttUnqualified
-)
--- a/app/observatory/burst/burstobserver.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/burstobserver.go
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-package burst
-
-import (
-	"context"
-
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/observatory"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/extension"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
-)
-
-type Observer struct {
-	config *Config
-	ctx    context.Context
-
-	statusLock sync.Mutex
-	hp         *HealthPing
-
-	finished *done.Instance
-
-	ohm outbound.Manager
-}
-
-func (o *Observer) GetObservation(ctx context.Context) (proto.Message, error) {
-	return &observatory.ObservationResult{Status: o.createResult()}, nil
-}
-
-func (o *Observer) createResult() []*observatory.OutboundStatus {
-	var result []*observatory.OutboundStatus
-	o.hp.access.Lock()
-	defer o.hp.access.Unlock()
-	for name, value := range o.hp.Results {
-		status := observatory.OutboundStatus{
-			Alive:           value.getStatistics().All != value.getStatistics().Fail,
-			Delay:           value.getStatistics().Average.Milliseconds(),
-			LastErrorReason: "",
-			OutboundTag:     name,
-			LastSeenTime:    0,
-			LastTryTime:     0,
-			HealthPing: &observatory.HealthPingMeasurementResult{
-				All:       int64(value.getStatistics().All),
-				Fail:      int64(value.getStatistics().Fail),
-				Deviation: int64(value.getStatistics().Deviation),
-				Average:   int64(value.getStatistics().Average),
-				Max:       int64(value.getStatistics().Max),
-				Min:       int64(value.getStatistics().Min),
-			},
-		}
-		result = append(result, &status)
-	}
-	return result
-}
-
-func (o *Observer) Type() interface{} {
-	return extension.ObservatoryType()
-}
-
-func (o *Observer) Start() error {
-	if o.config != nil && len(o.config.SubjectSelector) != 0 {
-		o.finished = done.New()
-		o.hp.StartScheduler(func() ([]string, error) {
-			hs, ok := o.ohm.(outbound.HandlerSelector)
-			if !ok {
-
-				return nil, errors.New("outbound.Manager is not a HandlerSelector")
-			}
-
-			outbounds := hs.Select(o.config.SubjectSelector)
-			return outbounds, nil
-		})
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (o *Observer) Close() error {
-	if o.finished != nil {
-		o.hp.StopScheduler()
-		return o.finished.Close()
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Observer, error) {
-	var outboundManager outbound.Manager
-	var dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, rd routing.Dispatcher) {
-		outboundManager = om
-		dispatcher = rd
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
-	}
-	hp := NewHealthPing(ctx, dispatcher, config.PingConfig)
-	return &Observer{
-		config: config,
-		ctx:    ctx,
-		ohm:    outboundManager,
-		hp:     hp,
-	}, nil
-}
-
-func init() {
-	common.Must(common.RegisterConfig((*Config)(nil), func(ctx context.Context, config interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return New(ctx, config.(*Config))
-	}))
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/config.pb.go
@@ -1,246 +0,0 @@
-// Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
-// versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
-// source: app/observatory/burst/config.proto
-
-package burst
-
-import (
-	protoreflect "google.golang.org/protobuf/reflect/protoreflect"
-	protoimpl "google.golang.org/protobuf/runtime/protoimpl"
-	reflect "reflect"
-	sync "sync"
-)
-
-const (
-	// Verify that this generated code is sufficiently up-to-date.
-	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(20 - protoimpl.MinVersion)
-	// Verify that runtime/protoimpl is sufficiently up-to-date.
-	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 20)
-)
-
-type Config struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	// @Document The selectors for outbound under observation
-	SubjectSelector []string          `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=subject_selector,json=subjectSelector,proto3" json:"subject_selector,omitempty"`
-	PingConfig      *HealthPingConfig `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=ping_config,json=pingConfig,proto3" json:"ping_config,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *Config) Reset() {
-	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *Config) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use Config.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetSubjectSelector() []string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.SubjectSelector
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (x *Config) GetPingConfig() *HealthPingConfig {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.PingConfig
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-type HealthPingConfig struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	// destination url, need 204 for success return
-	// default https://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204
-	Destination string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=destination,proto3" json:"destination,omitempty"`
-	// connectivity check url
-	Connectivity string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=connectivity,proto3" json:"connectivity,omitempty"`
-	// health check interval, int64 values of time.Duration
-	Interval int64 `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=interval,proto3" json:"interval,omitempty"`
-	// sampling count is the amount of recent ping results which are kept for calculation
-	SamplingCount int32 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=samplingCount,proto3" json:"samplingCount,omitempty"`
-	// ping timeout, int64 values of time.Duration
-	Timeout int64 `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=timeout,proto3" json:"timeout,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) Reset() {
-	*x = HealthPingConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*HealthPingConfig) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use HealthPingConfig.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*HealthPingConfig) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetDestination() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Destination
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetConnectivity() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Connectivity
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetInterval() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Interval
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetSamplingCount() int32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.SamplingCount
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingConfig) GetTimeout() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Timeout
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-var File_app_observatory_burst_config_proto protoreflect.FileDescriptor
-
-var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
-	0x0a, 0x22, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x76, 0x61, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72,
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-	0x65, 0x63, 0x74, 0x53, 0x65, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x63, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x12, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x70,
-	0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x5f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x18, 0x03, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b,
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-}
-
-var (
-	file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescOnce sync.Once
-	file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescData = file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc
-)
-
-func file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
-	file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescOnce.Do(func() {
-		file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescData = protoimpl.X.CompressGZIP(file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescData)
-	})
-	return file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDescData
-}
-
-var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 2)
-var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*Config)(nil),           // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.burst.Config
-	(*HealthPingConfig)(nil), // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.burst.HealthPingConfig
-}
-var file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	1, // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.burst.Config.ping_config:type_name -> xray.core.app.observatory.burst.HealthPingConfig
-	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0, // [0:1] is the sub-list for field type_name
-}
-
-func init() { file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_init() }
-func file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_init() {
-	if File_app_observatory_burst_config_proto != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	type x struct{}
-	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
-		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
-			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
-			RawDescriptor: file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc,
-			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   2,
-			NumExtensions: 0,
-			NumServices:   0,
-		},
-		GoTypes:           file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_goTypes,
-		DependencyIndexes: file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_depIdxs,
-		MessageInfos:      file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_msgTypes,
-	}.Build()
-	File_app_observatory_burst_config_proto = out.File
-	file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_rawDesc = nil
-	file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_goTypes = nil
-	file_app_observatory_burst_config_proto_depIdxs = nil
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/config.proto
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/config.proto
@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-syntax = "proto3";
-
-package xray.core.app.observatory.burst;
-option csharp_namespace = "Xray.App.Observatory.Burst";
-option go_package = "github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/observatory/burst";
-option java_package = "com.xray.app.observatory.burst";
-option java_multiple_files = true;
-
-message Config {
-  /* @Document The selectors for outbound under observation
-  */
-  repeated string subject_selector = 2;
-
-  HealthPingConfig ping_config = 3;
-}
-
-message HealthPingConfig {
-  // destination url, need 204 for success return
-  // default https://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204
-  string destination = 1;
-  // connectivity check url
-  string connectivity = 2;
-  // health check interval, int64 values of time.Duration
-  int64 interval = 3;
-  // sampling count is the amount of recent ping results which are kept for calculation
-  int32 samplingCount = 4;
-  // ping timeout, int64 values of time.Duration
-  int64 timeout = 5;
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/healthping.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/healthping.go
@@ -1,258 +0,0 @@
-package burst
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
-)
-
-// HealthPingSettings holds settings for health Checker
-type HealthPingSettings struct {
-	Destination   string        `json:"destination"`
-	Connectivity  string        `json:"connectivity"`
-	Interval      time.Duration `json:"interval"`
-	SamplingCount int           `json:"sampling"`
-	Timeout       time.Duration `json:"timeout"`
-}
-
-// HealthPing is the health checker for balancers
-type HealthPing struct {
-	ctx         context.Context
-	dispatcher  routing.Dispatcher
-	access      sync.Mutex
-	ticker      *time.Ticker
-	tickerClose chan struct{}
-
-	Settings *HealthPingSettings
-	Results  map[string]*HealthPingRTTS
-}
-
-// NewHealthPing creates a new HealthPing with settings
-func NewHealthPing(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, config *HealthPingConfig) *HealthPing {
-	settings := &HealthPingSettings{}
-	if config != nil {
-		settings = &HealthPingSettings{
-			Connectivity:  strings.TrimSpace(config.Connectivity),
-			Destination:   strings.TrimSpace(config.Destination),
-			Interval:      time.Duration(config.Interval),
-			SamplingCount: int(config.SamplingCount),
-			Timeout:       time.Duration(config.Timeout),
-		}
-	}
-	if settings.Destination == "" {
-		// Destination URL, need 204 for success return default to chromium
-		// https://github.com/chromium/chromium/blob/main/components/safety_check/url_constants.cc#L10
-		// https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/components/safety_check/url_constants.cc#10
-		settings.Destination = "https://connectivitycheck.gstatic.com/generate_204"
-	}
-	if settings.Interval == 0 {
-		settings.Interval = time.Duration(1) * time.Minute
-	} else if settings.Interval < 10 {
-		errors.LogWarning(ctx, "health check interval is too small, 10s is applied")
-		settings.Interval = time.Duration(10) * time.Second
-	}
-	if settings.SamplingCount <= 0 {
-		settings.SamplingCount = 10
-	}
-	if settings.Timeout <= 0 {
-		// results are saved after all health pings finish,
-		// a larger timeout could possibly makes checks run longer
-		settings.Timeout = time.Duration(5) * time.Second
-	}
-	return &HealthPing{
-		ctx:        ctx,
-		dispatcher: dispatcher,
-		Settings:   settings,
-		Results:    nil,
-	}
-}
-
-// StartScheduler implements the HealthChecker
-func (h *HealthPing) StartScheduler(selector func() ([]string, error)) {
-	if h.ticker != nil {
-		return
-	}
-	interval := h.Settings.Interval * time.Duration(h.Settings.SamplingCount)
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(interval)
-	tickerClose := make(chan struct{})
-	h.ticker = ticker
-	h.tickerClose = tickerClose
-	go func() {
-		tags, err := selector()
-		if err != nil {
-			errors.LogWarning(h.ctx, "error select outbounds for initial health check: ", err)
-			return
-		}
-		h.Check(tags)
-	}()
-
-	go func() {
-		for {
-			go func() {
-				tags, err := selector()
-				if err != nil {
-					errors.LogWarning(h.ctx, "error select outbounds for scheduled health check: ", err)
-					return
-				}
-				h.doCheck(tags, interval, h.Settings.SamplingCount)
-				h.Cleanup(tags)
-			}()
-			select {
-			case <-ticker.C:
-				continue
-			case <-tickerClose:
-				return
-			}
-		}
-	}()
-}
-
-// StopScheduler implements the HealthChecker
-func (h *HealthPing) StopScheduler() {
-	if h.ticker == nil {
-		return
-	}
-	h.ticker.Stop()
-	h.ticker = nil
-	close(h.tickerClose)
-	h.tickerClose = nil
-}
-
-// Check implements the HealthChecker
-func (h *HealthPing) Check(tags []string) error {
-	if len(tags) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-	errors.LogInfo(h.ctx, "perform one-time health check for tags ", tags)
-	h.doCheck(tags, 0, 1)
-	return nil
-}
-
-type rtt struct {
-	handler string
-	value   time.Duration
-}
-
-// doCheck performs the 'rounds' amount checks in given 'duration'. You should make
-// sure all tags are valid for current balancer
-func (h *HealthPing) doCheck(tags []string, duration time.Duration, rounds int) {
-	count := len(tags) * rounds
-	if count == 0 {
-		return
-	}
-	ch := make(chan *rtt, count)
-
-	for _, tag := range tags {
-		handler := tag
-		client := newPingClient(
-			h.ctx,
-			h.dispatcher,
-			h.Settings.Destination,
-			h.Settings.Timeout,
-			handler,
-		)
-		for i := 0; i < rounds; i++ {
-			delay := time.Duration(0)
-			if duration > 0 {
-				delay = time.Duration(dice.RollInt63n(int64(duration)))
-			}
-			time.AfterFunc(delay, func() {
-				errors.LogDebug(h.ctx, "checking ", handler)
-				delay, err := client.MeasureDelay()
-				if err == nil {
-					ch <- &rtt{
-						handler: handler,
-						value:   delay,
-					}
-					return
-				}
-				if !h.checkConnectivity() {
-					errors.LogWarning(h.ctx, "network is down")
-					ch <- &rtt{
-						handler: handler,
-						value:   0,
-					}
-					return
-				}
-				errors.LogWarning(h.ctx, fmt.Sprintf(
-					"error ping %s with %s: %s",
-					h.Settings.Destination,
-					handler,
-					err,
-				))
-				ch <- &rtt{
-					handler: handler,
-					value:   rttFailed,
-				}
-			})
-		}
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
-		rtt := <-ch
-		if rtt.value > 0 {
-			// should not put results when network is down
-			h.PutResult(rtt.handler, rtt.value)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// PutResult put a ping rtt to results
-func (h *HealthPing) PutResult(tag string, rtt time.Duration) {
-	h.access.Lock()
-	defer h.access.Unlock()
-	if h.Results == nil {
-		h.Results = make(map[string]*HealthPingRTTS)
-	}
-	r, ok := h.Results[tag]
-	if !ok {
-		// validity is 2 times to sampling period, since the check are
-		// distributed in the time line randomly, in extreme cases,
-		// Previous checks are distributed on the left, and later ones
-		// on the right
-		validity := h.Settings.Interval * time.Duration(h.Settings.SamplingCount) * 2
-		r = NewHealthPingResult(h.Settings.SamplingCount, validity)
-		h.Results[tag] = r
-	}
-	r.Put(rtt)
-}
-
-// Cleanup removes results of removed handlers,
-// tags should be all valid tags of the Balancer now
-func (h *HealthPing) Cleanup(tags []string) {
-	h.access.Lock()
-	defer h.access.Unlock()
-	for tag := range h.Results {
-		found := false
-		for _, v := range tags {
-			if tag == v {
-				found = true
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if !found {
-			delete(h.Results, tag)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// checkConnectivity checks the network connectivity, it returns
-// true if network is good or "connectivity check url" not set
-func (h *HealthPing) checkConnectivity() bool {
-	if h.Settings.Connectivity == "" {
-		return true
-	}
-	tester := newDirectPingClient(
-		h.Settings.Connectivity,
-		h.Settings.Timeout,
-	)
-	if _, err := tester.MeasureDelay(); err != nil {
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/healthping_result.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/healthping_result.go
@@ -1,143 +0,0 @@
-package burst
-
-import (
-	"math"
-	"time"
-)
-
-// HealthPingStats is the statistics of HealthPingRTTS
-type HealthPingStats struct {
-	All       int
-	Fail      int
-	Deviation time.Duration
-	Average   time.Duration
-	Max       time.Duration
-	Min       time.Duration
-}
-
-// HealthPingRTTS holds ping rtts for health Checker
-type HealthPingRTTS struct {
-	idx      int
-	cap      int
-	validity time.Duration
-	rtts     []*pingRTT
-
-	lastUpdateAt time.Time
-	stats        *HealthPingStats
-}
-
-type pingRTT struct {
-	time  time.Time
-	value time.Duration
-}
-
-// NewHealthPingResult returns a *HealthPingResult with specified capacity
-func NewHealthPingResult(cap int, validity time.Duration) *HealthPingRTTS {
-	return &HealthPingRTTS{cap: cap, validity: validity}
-}
-
-// Get gets statistics of the HealthPingRTTS
-func (h *HealthPingRTTS) Get() *HealthPingStats {
-	return h.getStatistics()
-}
-
-// GetWithCache get statistics and write cache for next call
-// Make sure use Mutex.Lock() before calling it, RWMutex.RLock()
-// is not an option since it writes cache
-func (h *HealthPingRTTS) GetWithCache() *HealthPingStats {
-	lastPutAt := h.rtts[h.idx].time
-	now := time.Now()
-	if h.stats == nil || h.lastUpdateAt.Before(lastPutAt) || h.findOutdated(now) >= 0 {
-		h.stats = h.getStatistics()
-		h.lastUpdateAt = now
-	}
-	return h.stats
-}
-
-// Put puts a new rtt to the HealthPingResult
-func (h *HealthPingRTTS) Put(d time.Duration) {
-	if h.rtts == nil {
-		h.rtts = make([]*pingRTT, h.cap)
-		for i := 0; i < h.cap; i++ {
-			h.rtts[i] = &pingRTT{}
-		}
-		h.idx = -1
-	}
-	h.idx = h.calcIndex(1)
-	now := time.Now()
-	h.rtts[h.idx].time = now
-	h.rtts[h.idx].value = d
-}
-
-func (h *HealthPingRTTS) calcIndex(step int) int {
-	idx := h.idx
-	idx += step
-	if idx >= h.cap {
-		idx %= h.cap
-	}
-	return idx
-}
-
-func (h *HealthPingRTTS) getStatistics() *HealthPingStats {
-	stats := &HealthPingStats{}
-	stats.Fail = 0
-	stats.Max = 0
-	stats.Min = rttFailed
-	sum := time.Duration(0)
-	cnt := 0
-	validRTTs := make([]time.Duration, 0)
-	for _, rtt := range h.rtts {
-		switch {
-		case rtt.value == 0 || time.Since(rtt.time) > h.validity:
-			continue
-		case rtt.value == rttFailed:
-			stats.Fail++
-			continue
-		}
-		cnt++
-		sum += rtt.value
-		validRTTs = append(validRTTs, rtt.value)
-		if stats.Max < rtt.value {
-			stats.Max = rtt.value
-		}
-		if stats.Min > rtt.value {
-			stats.Min = rtt.value
-		}
-	}
-	stats.All = cnt + stats.Fail
-	if cnt == 0 {
-		stats.Min = 0
-		return stats
-	}
-	stats.Average = time.Duration(int(sum) / cnt)
-	var std float64
-	if cnt < 2 {
-		// no enough data for standard deviation, we assume it's half of the average rtt
-		// if we don't do this, standard deviation of 1 round tested nodes is 0, will always
-		// selected before 2 or more rounds tested nodes
-		std = float64(stats.Average / 2)
-	} else {
-		variance := float64(0)
-		for _, rtt := range validRTTs {
-			variance += math.Pow(float64(rtt-stats.Average), 2)
-		}
-		std = math.Sqrt(variance / float64(cnt))
-	}
-	stats.Deviation = time.Duration(std)
-	return stats
-}
-
-func (h *HealthPingRTTS) findOutdated(now time.Time) int {
-	for i := h.cap - 1; i < 2*h.cap; i++ {
-		// from oldest to latest
-		idx := h.calcIndex(i)
-		validity := h.rtts[idx].time.Add(h.validity)
-		if h.lastUpdateAt.After(validity) {
-			return idx
-		}
-		if validity.Before(now) {
-			return idx
-		}
-	}
-	return -1
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/healthping_result_test.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/healthping_result_test.go
@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-package burst_test
-
-import (
-	"math"
-	reflect "reflect"
-	"testing"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/observatory/burst"
-)
-
-func TestHealthPingResults(t *testing.T) {
-	rtts := []int64{60, 140, 60, 140, 60, 60, 140, 60, 140}
-	hr := burst.NewHealthPingResult(4, time.Hour)
-	for _, rtt := range rtts {
-		hr.Put(time.Duration(rtt))
-	}
-	rttFailed := time.Duration(math.MaxInt64)
-	expected := &burst.HealthPingStats{
-		All:       4,
-		Fail:      0,
-		Deviation: 40,
-		Average:   100,
-		Max:       140,
-		Min:       60,
-	}
-	actual := hr.Get()
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual) {
-		t.Errorf("expected: %v, actual: %v", expected, actual)
-	}
-	hr.Put(rttFailed)
-	hr.Put(rttFailed)
-	expected.Fail = 2
-	actual = hr.Get()
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual) {
-		t.Errorf("failed half-failures test, expected: %v, actual: %v", expected, actual)
-	}
-	hr.Put(rttFailed)
-	hr.Put(rttFailed)
-	expected = &burst.HealthPingStats{
-		All:       4,
-		Fail:      4,
-		Deviation: 0,
-		Average:   0,
-		Max:       0,
-		Min:       0,
-	}
-	actual = hr.Get()
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual) {
-		t.Errorf("failed all-failures test, expected: %v, actual: %v", expected, actual)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestHealthPingResultsIgnoreOutdated(t *testing.T) {
-	rtts := []int64{60, 140, 60, 140}
-	hr := burst.NewHealthPingResult(4, time.Duration(10)*time.Millisecond)
-	for i, rtt := range rtts {
-		if i == 2 {
-			// wait for previous 2 outdated
-			time.Sleep(time.Duration(10) * time.Millisecond)
-		}
-		hr.Put(time.Duration(rtt))
-	}
-	hr.Get()
-	expected := &burst.HealthPingStats{
-		All:       2,
-		Fail:      0,
-		Deviation: 40,
-		Average:   100,
-		Max:       140,
-		Min:       60,
-	}
-	actual := hr.Get()
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual) {
-		t.Errorf("failed 'half-outdated' test, expected: %v, actual: %v", expected, actual)
-	}
-	// wait for all outdated
-	time.Sleep(time.Duration(10) * time.Millisecond)
-	expected = &burst.HealthPingStats{
-		All:       0,
-		Fail:      0,
-		Deviation: 0,
-		Average:   0,
-		Max:       0,
-		Min:       0,
-	}
-	actual = hr.Get()
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual) {
-		t.Errorf("failed 'outdated / not-tested' test, expected: %v, actual: %v", expected, actual)
-	}
-
-	hr.Put(time.Duration(60))
-	expected = &burst.HealthPingStats{
-		All:  1,
-		Fail: 0,
-		// 1 sample, std=0.5rtt
-		Deviation: 30,
-		Average:   60,
-		Max:       60,
-		Min:       60,
-	}
-	actual = hr.Get()
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(expected, actual) {
-		t.Errorf("expected: %v, actual: %v", expected, actual)
-	}
-}
--- a/app/observatory/burst/ping.go
+++ b/app/observatory/burst/ping.go
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-package burst
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tagged"
-)
-
-type pingClient struct {
-	destination string
-	httpClient  *http.Client
-}
-
-func newPingClient(ctx context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, destination string, timeout time.Duration, handler string) *pingClient {
-	return &pingClient{
-		destination: destination,
-		httpClient:  newHTTPClient(ctx, dispatcher, handler, timeout),
-	}
-}
-
-func newDirectPingClient(destination string, timeout time.Duration) *pingClient {
-	return &pingClient{
-		destination: destination,
-		httpClient:  &http.Client{Timeout: timeout},
-	}
-}
-
-func newHTTPClient(ctxv context.Context, dispatcher routing.Dispatcher, handler string, timeout time.Duration) *http.Client {
-	tr := &http.Transport{
-		DisableKeepAlives: true,
-		DialContext: func(ctx context.Context, network, addr string) (net.Conn, error) {
-			dest, err := net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			return tagged.Dialer(ctxv, dispatcher, dest, handler)
-		},
-	}
-	return &http.Client{
-		Transport: tr,
-		Timeout:   timeout,
-		// don't follow redirect
-		CheckRedirect: func(req *http.Request, via []*http.Request) error {
-			return http.ErrUseLastResponse
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-// MeasureDelay returns the delay time of the request to dest
-func (s *pingClient) MeasureDelay() (time.Duration, error) {
-	if s.httpClient == nil {
-		panic("pingClient not initialized")
-	}
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodHead, s.destination, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return rttFailed, err
-	}
-	start := time.Now()
-	resp, err := s.httpClient.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return rttFailed, err
-	}
-	// don't wait for body
-	resp.Body.Close()
-	return time.Since(start), nil
-}
--- a/app/observatory/command/command.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command.go
@@ -1,3 +1,6 @@
+//go:build !confonly
+// +build !confonly
+
 package command

 import (
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ func init() {
 		sv := &service{v: s}
 		err := s.RequireFeatures(func(Observatory extension.Observatory) {
 			sv.observatory = Observatory
-		}, false)
+		})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
--- a/app/observatory/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/observatory/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -29,9 +29,11 @@ type GetOutboundStatusRequest struct {

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusRequest) Reset() {
 	*x = GetOutboundStatusRequest{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusRequest) String() string {
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ func (*GetOutboundStatusRequest) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusRequest) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -67,9 +69,11 @@ type GetOutboundStatusResponse struct {

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusResponse) Reset() {
 	*x = GetOutboundStatusResponse{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusResponse) String() string {
@@ -80,7 +84,7 @@ func (*GetOutboundStatusResponse) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *GetOutboundStatusResponse) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -110,9 +114,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -123,7 +129,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -191,7 +197,7 @@ func file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 3)
-var file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*GetOutboundStatusRequest)(nil),      // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.command.GetOutboundStatusRequest
 	(*GetOutboundStatusResponse)(nil),     // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.command.GetOutboundStatusResponse
 	(*Config)(nil),                        // 2: xray.core.app.observatory.command.Config
@@ -213,6 +219,44 @@ func file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_observatory_command_command_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*GetOutboundStatusRequest); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*GetOutboundStatusResponse); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_command_command_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/observatory/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.2.0
+// - protoc             v3.21.12
 // source: app/observatory/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -15,12 +15,8 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
-
-const (
-	ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_FullMethodName = "/xray.core.app.observatory.command.ObservatoryService/GetOutboundStatus"
-)
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 // ObservatoryServiceClient is the client API for ObservatoryService service.
 //
@@ -38,9 +34,8 @@ func NewObservatoryServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) ObservatoryService
 }

 func (c *observatoryServiceClient) GetOutboundStatus(ctx context.Context, in *GetOutboundStatusRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetOutboundStatusResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(GetOutboundStatusResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.core.app.observatory.command.ObservatoryService/GetOutboundStatus", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -49,24 +44,20 @@ func (c *observatoryServiceClient) GetOutboundStatus(ctx context.Context, in *Ge

 // ObservatoryServiceServer is the server API for ObservatoryService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type ObservatoryServiceServer interface {
 	GetOutboundStatus(context.Context, *GetOutboundStatusRequest) (*GetOutboundStatusResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer struct {
+}

 func (UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer) GetOutboundStatus(context.Context, *GetOutboundStatusRequest) (*GetOutboundStatusResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetOutboundStatus not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                            {}

 // UnsafeObservatoryServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to ObservatoryServiceServer will
@@ -76,13 +67,6 @@ type UnsafeObservatoryServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterObservatoryServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv ObservatoryServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedObservatoryServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&ObservatoryService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

@@ -96,7 +80,7 @@ func _ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: ObservatoryService_GetOutboundStatus_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.core.app.observatory.command.ObservatoryService/GetOutboundStatus",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(ObservatoryServiceServer).GetOutboundStatus(ctx, req.(*GetOutboundStatusRequest))
--- a/app/observatory/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/observatory/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/observatory/config.proto

 package observatory
@@ -30,9 +30,11 @@ type ObservationResult struct {

 func (x *ObservationResult) Reset() {
 	*x = ObservationResult{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ObservationResult) String() string {
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ func (*ObservationResult) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ObservationResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -65,91 +67,6 @@ func (x *ObservationResult) GetStatus() []*OutboundStatus {
 	return nil
 }

-type HealthPingMeasurementResult struct {
-	state         protoimpl.MessageState
-	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
-	unknownFields protoimpl.UnknownFields
-
-	All       int64 `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=all,proto3" json:"all,omitempty"`
-	Fail      int64 `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=fail,proto3" json:"fail,omitempty"`
-	Deviation int64 `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=deviation,proto3" json:"deviation,omitempty"`
-	Average   int64 `protobuf:"varint,4,opt,name=average,proto3" json:"average,omitempty"`
-	Max       int64 `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=max,proto3" json:"max,omitempty"`
-	Min       int64 `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=min,proto3" json:"min,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) Reset() {
-	*x = HealthPingMeasurementResult{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) String() string {
-	return protoimpl.X.MessageStringOf(x)
-}
-
-func (*HealthPingMeasurementResult) ProtoMessage() {}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
-		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
-			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
-		}
-		return ms
-	}
-	return mi.MessageOf(x)
-}
-
-// Deprecated: Use HealthPingMeasurementResult.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
-func (*HealthPingMeasurementResult) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) GetAll() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.All
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) GetFail() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Fail
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) GetDeviation() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Deviation
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) GetAverage() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Average
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) GetMax() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Max
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *HealthPingMeasurementResult) GetMin() int64 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.Min
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
 type OutboundStatus struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -173,15 +90,16 @@ type OutboundStatus struct {
 	LastSeenTime int64 `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=last_seen_time,json=lastSeenTime,proto3" json:"last_seen_time,omitempty"`
 	// @Document The time this outbound is tried
 	// @Type id.outboundTag
-	LastTryTime int64                        `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=last_try_time,json=lastTryTime,proto3" json:"last_try_time,omitempty"`
-	HealthPing  *HealthPingMeasurementResult `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=health_ping,json=healthPing,proto3" json:"health_ping,omitempty"`
+	LastTryTime int64 `protobuf:"varint,6,opt,name=last_try_time,json=lastTryTime,proto3" json:"last_try_time,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *OutboundStatus) Reset() {
 	*x = OutboundStatus{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *OutboundStatus) String() string {
@@ -191,8 +109,8 @@ func (x *OutboundStatus) String() string {
 func (*OutboundStatus) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OutboundStatus) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -204,7 +122,7 @@ func (x *OutboundStatus) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use OutboundStatus.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*OutboundStatus) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
+	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{1}
 }

 func (x *OutboundStatus) GetAlive() bool {
@@ -249,13 +167,6 @@ func (x *OutboundStatus) GetLastTryTime() int64 {
 	return 0
 }

-func (x *OutboundStatus) GetHealthPing() *HealthPingMeasurementResult {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.HealthPing
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
 type ProbeResult struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -275,9 +186,11 @@ type ProbeResult struct {

 func (x *ProbeResult) Reset() {
 	*x = ProbeResult{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ProbeResult) String() string {
@@ -287,8 +200,8 @@ func (x *ProbeResult) String() string {
 func (*ProbeResult) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ProbeResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -300,7 +213,7 @@ func (x *ProbeResult) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use ProbeResult.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*ProbeResult) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
+	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{2}
 }

 func (x *ProbeResult) GetAlive() bool {
@@ -336,9 +249,11 @@ type Intensity struct {

 func (x *Intensity) Reset() {
 	*x = Intensity{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Intensity) String() string {
@@ -348,8 +263,8 @@ func (x *Intensity) String() string {
 func (*Intensity) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Intensity) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -361,7 +276,7 @@ func (x *Intensity) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use Intensity.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Intensity) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
+	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{3}
 }

 func (x *Intensity) GetProbeInterval() uint32 {
@@ -385,9 +300,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -397,8 +314,8 @@ func (x *Config) String() string {
 func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
-	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	if x != nil {
+	mi := &file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -410,7 +327,7 @@ func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {

 // Deprecated: Use Config.ProtoReflect.Descriptor instead.
 func (*Config) Descriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
-	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{5}
+	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{4}
 }

 func (x *Config) GetSubjectSelector() []string {
@@ -453,62 +370,47 @@ var file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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 }

 var (
@@ -523,23 +425,21 @@ func file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDescData
 }

-var file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 6)
-var file_app_observatory_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(*ObservationResult)(nil),           // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.ObservationResult
-	(*HealthPingMeasurementResult)(nil), // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.HealthPingMeasurementResult
-	(*OutboundStatus)(nil),              // 2: xray.core.app.observatory.OutboundStatus
-	(*ProbeResult)(nil),                 // 3: xray.core.app.observatory.ProbeResult
-	(*Intensity)(nil),                   // 4: xray.core.app.observatory.Intensity
-	(*Config)(nil),                      // 5: xray.core.app.observatory.Config
+var file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 5)
+var file_app_observatory_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
+	(*ObservationResult)(nil), // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.ObservationResult
+	(*OutboundStatus)(nil),    // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.OutboundStatus
+	(*ProbeResult)(nil),       // 2: xray.core.app.observatory.ProbeResult
+	(*Intensity)(nil),         // 3: xray.core.app.observatory.Intensity
+	(*Config)(nil),            // 4: xray.core.app.observatory.Config
 }
 var file_app_observatory_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	2, // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.ObservationResult.status:type_name -> xray.core.app.observatory.OutboundStatus
-	1, // 1: xray.core.app.observatory.OutboundStatus.health_ping:type_name -> xray.core.app.observatory.HealthPingMeasurementResult
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	2, // [2:2] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0, // [0:2] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	1, // 0: xray.core.app.observatory.ObservationResult.status:type_name -> xray.core.app.observatory.OutboundStatus
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	1, // [1:1] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0, // [0:1] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_observatory_config_proto_init() }
@@ -547,13 +447,75 @@ func file_app_observatory_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_observatory_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ObservationResult); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*OutboundStatus); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ProbeResult); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Intensity); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_observatory_config_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_observatory_config_proto_rawDesc,
 			NumEnums:      0,
-			NumMessages:   6,
+			NumMessages:   5,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
 		},
--- a/app/observatory/config.proto
+++ b/app/observatory/config.proto
@@ -10,15 +10,6 @@ message ObservationResult {
  repeated OutboundStatus status = 1;
 }

-message HealthPingMeasurementResult {
-  int64 all = 1;
-  int64 fail = 2;
-  int64 deviation = 3;
-  int64 average = 4;
-  int64 max = 5;
-  int64 min = 6;
-}
-
 message OutboundStatus{
  /* @Document Whether this outbound is usable
     @Restriction ReadOnlyForUser
@@ -45,8 +36,6 @@ message OutboundStatus{
   @Type id.outboundTag
 */
  int64 last_try_time = 6;
-
-  HealthPingMeasurementResult health_ping = 7;
 }

 message ProbeResult{
--- a/app/observatory/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/observatory/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package observatory
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/observatory/explainErrors.go
+++ b/app/observatory/explainErrors.go
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ type errorCollector struct {

 func (e *errorCollector) SubmitError(err error) {
 	if e.errors == nil {
-		e.errors = errors.New("underlying connection error").Base(err)
+		e.errors = newError("underlying connection error").Base(err)
 		return
 	}
-	e.errors = e.errors.Base(errors.New("underlying connection error").Base(err))
+	e.errors = e.errors.Base(newError("underlying connection error").Base(err))
 }

 func newErrorCollector() *errorCollector {
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ func newErrorCollector() *errorCollector {

 func (e *errorCollector) UnderlyingError() error {
 	if e.errors == nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to produce report")
+		return newError("failed to produce report")
 	}
 	return e.errors
 }
--- a/app/observatory/observatory.go
+++ b/app/observatory/observatory.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package observatory
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/observatory/observer.go
+++ b/app/observatory/observer.go
@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/golang/protobuf/proto"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	v2net "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/signal/done"
@@ -18,9 +18,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/extension"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/routing"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/transport/internet/tagged"
-	"google.golang.org/protobuf/proto"
 )

 type Observer struct {
@@ -32,8 +30,7 @@ type Observer struct {

 	finished *done.Instance

-	ohm        outbound.Manager
-	dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
+	ohm outbound.Manager
 }

 func (o *Observer) GetObservation(ctx context.Context) (proto.Message, error) {
@@ -63,7 +60,7 @@ func (o *Observer) background() {
 	for !o.finished.Done() {
 		hs, ok := o.ohm.(outbound.HandlerSelector)
 		if !ok {
-			errors.LogInfo(o.ctx, "outbound.Manager is not a HandlerSelector")
+			newError("outbound.Manager is not a HandlerSelector").WriteToLog()
 			return
 		}

@@ -130,18 +127,18 @@ func (o *Observer) probe(outbound string) ProbeResult {
 				// MUST use Xray's built in context system
 				dest, err := v2net.ParseDestination(network + ":" + addr)
 				if err != nil {
-					return errors.New("cannot understand address").Base(err)
+					return newError("cannot understand address").Base(err)
 				}
 				trackedCtx := session.TrackedConnectionError(o.ctx, errorCollectorForRequest)
-				conn, err := tagged.Dialer(trackedCtx, o.dispatcher, dest, outbound)
+				conn, err := tagged.Dialer(trackedCtx, dest, outbound)
 				if err != nil {
-					return errors.New("cannot dial remote address ", dest).Base(err)
+					return newError("cannot dial remote address ", dest).Base(err)
 				}
 				connection = conn
 				return nil
 			})
 			if taskErr != nil {
-				return nil, errors.New("cannot finish connection").Base(taskErr)
+				return nil, newError("cannot finish connection").Base(taskErr)
 			}
 			return connection, nil
 		},
@@ -164,7 +161,7 @@ func (o *Observer) probe(outbound string) ProbeResult {
 		}
 		response, err := httpClient.Get(probeURL)
 		if err != nil {
-			return errors.New("outbound failed to relay connection").Base(err)
+			return newError("outbound failed to relay connection").Base(err)
 		}
 		if response.Body != nil {
 			response.Body.Close()
@@ -174,11 +171,15 @@ func (o *Observer) probe(outbound string) ProbeResult {
 		return nil
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		var errorMessage = "the outbound " + outbound + " is dead: GET request failed:" + err.Error() + "with outbound handler report underlying connection failed"
-		errors.LogInfoInner(o.ctx, errorCollectorForRequest.UnderlyingError(), errorMessage)
-		return ProbeResult{Alive: false, LastErrorReason: errorMessage}
+		fullerr := newError("underlying connection failed").Base(errorCollectorForRequest.UnderlyingError())
+		fullerr = newError("with outbound handler report").Base(fullerr)
+		fullerr = newError("GET request failed:", err).Base(fullerr)
+		fullerr = newError("the outbound ", outbound, " is dead:").Base(fullerr)
+		fullerr = fullerr.AtInfo()
+		fullerr.WriteToLog()
+		return ProbeResult{Alive: false, LastErrorReason: fullerr.Error()}
 	}
-	errors.LogInfo(o.ctx, "the outbound ", outbound, " is alive:", GETTime.Seconds())
+	newError("the outbound ", outbound, " is alive:", GETTime.Seconds()).AtInfo().WriteToLog()
 	return ProbeResult{Alive: true, Delay: GETTime.Milliseconds()}
 }

@@ -217,19 +218,16 @@ func (o *Observer) findStatusLocationLockHolderOnly(outbound string) int {

 func New(ctx context.Context, config *Config) (*Observer, error) {
 	var outboundManager outbound.Manager
-	var dispatcher routing.Dispatcher
-	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager, rd routing.Dispatcher) {
+	err := core.RequireFeatures(ctx, func(om outbound.Manager) {
 		outboundManager = om
-		dispatcher = rd
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("Cannot get depended features").Base(err)
 	}
 	return &Observer{
-		config:     config,
-		ctx:        ctx,
-		ohm:        outboundManager,
-		dispatcher: dispatcher,
+		config: config,
+		ctx:    ctx,
+		ohm:    outboundManager,
 	}, nil
 }

--- a/app/policy/config.go
+++ b/app/policy/config.go
@@ -73,7 +73,6 @@ func (p *Policy) ToCorePolicy() policy.Session {
 	if p.Stats != nil {
 		cp.Stats.UserUplink = p.Stats.UserUplink
 		cp.Stats.UserDownlink = p.Stats.UserDownlink
-		cp.Stats.UserOnline = p.Stats.UserOnline
 	}
 	if p.Buffer != nil {
 		cp.Buffer.PerConnection = p.Buffer.Connection
--- a/app/policy/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/policy/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/policy/config.proto

 package policy
@@ -30,9 +30,11 @@ type Second struct {

 func (x *Second) Reset() {
 	*x = Second{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Second) String() string {
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ func (*Second) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Second) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -77,9 +79,11 @@ type Policy struct {

 func (x *Policy) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy) String() string {
@@ -90,7 +94,7 @@ func (*Policy) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -136,9 +140,11 @@ type SystemPolicy struct {

 func (x *SystemPolicy) Reset() {
 	*x = SystemPolicy{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SystemPolicy) String() string {
@@ -149,7 +155,7 @@ func (*SystemPolicy) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SystemPolicy) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -182,9 +188,11 @@ type Config struct {

 func (x *Config) Reset() {
 	*x = Config{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Config) String() string {
@@ -195,7 +203,7 @@ func (*Config) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Config) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -238,9 +246,11 @@ type Policy_Timeout struct {

 func (x *Policy_Timeout) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy_Timeout{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy_Timeout) String() string {
@@ -251,7 +261,7 @@ func (*Policy_Timeout) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy_Timeout) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -301,14 +311,15 @@ type Policy_Stats struct {

 	UserUplink   bool `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=user_uplink,json=userUplink,proto3" json:"user_uplink,omitempty"`
 	UserDownlink bool `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=user_downlink,json=userDownlink,proto3" json:"user_downlink,omitempty"`
-	UserOnline   bool `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=user_online,json=userOnline,proto3" json:"user_online,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *Policy_Stats) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy_Stats{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy_Stats) String() string {
@@ -319,7 +330,7 @@ func (*Policy_Stats) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy_Stats) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -348,13 +359,6 @@ func (x *Policy_Stats) GetUserDownlink() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *Policy_Stats) GetUserOnline() bool {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.UserOnline
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
 type Policy_Buffer struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -366,9 +370,11 @@ type Policy_Buffer struct {

 func (x *Policy_Buffer) Reset() {
 	*x = Policy_Buffer{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *Policy_Buffer) String() string {
@@ -379,7 +385,7 @@ func (*Policy_Buffer) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *Policy_Buffer) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -414,9 +420,11 @@ type SystemPolicy_Stats struct {

 func (x *SystemPolicy_Stats) Reset() {
 	*x = SystemPolicy_Stats{}
-	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SystemPolicy_Stats) String() string {
@@ -427,7 +435,7 @@ func (*SystemPolicy_Stats) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SystemPolicy_Stats) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -477,7 +485,7 @@ var file_app_policy_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x66, 0x69, 0x67, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x12, 0x0f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
 	0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x22, 0x1e, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x53, 0x65,
 	0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x12, 0x14, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x65, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20,
-	0x01, 0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x05, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x65, 0x22, 0xc7, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x50,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x0d, 0x52, 0x05, 0x76, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x75, 0x65, 0x22, 0xa6, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x06, 0x50,
 	0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x12, 0x39, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x6f, 0x75, 0x74,
 	0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x1f, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70,
 	0x70, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x2e,
@@ -504,51 +512,49 @@ var file_app_policy_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x64, 0x6f, 0x77, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x6b, 0x5f, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x79, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20,
 	0x01, 0x28, 0x0b, 0x32, 0x17, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70,
 	0x6f, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x53, 0x65, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x64, 0x52, 0x0c, 0x64, 0x6f,
-	0x77, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x6b, 0x4f, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x79, 0x1a, 0x6e, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x53, 0x74,
+	0x77, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x6b, 0x4f, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x79, 0x1a, 0x4d, 0x0a, 0x05, 0x53, 0x74,
 	0x61, 0x74, 0x73, 0x12, 0x1f, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x75, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x5f, 0x75, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x69,
 	0x6e, 0x6b, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52, 0x0a, 0x75, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x55, 0x70,
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 }

 var (
@@ -564,7 +570,7 @@ func file_app_policy_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 }

 var file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 9)
-var file_app_policy_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
+var file_app_policy_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
 	(*Second)(nil),             // 0: xray.app.policy.Second
 	(*Policy)(nil),             // 1: xray.app.policy.Policy
 	(*SystemPolicy)(nil),       // 2: xray.app.policy.SystemPolicy
@@ -599,6 +605,104 @@ func file_app_policy_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_policy_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Second); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SystemPolicy); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Config); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy_Timeout); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy_Stats); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[6].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*Policy_Buffer); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_policy_config_proto_msgTypes[7].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SystemPolicy_Stats); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
--- a/app/policy/config.proto
+++ b/app/policy/config.proto
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ message Policy {
  message Stats {
    bool user_uplink = 1;
    bool user_downlink = 2;
-    bool user_online = 3;
  }

  message Buffer {
--- a/app/policy/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/policy/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package policy
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/policy/policy.go
+++ b/app/policy/policy.go
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 // Package policy is an implementation of policy.Manager feature.
 package policy
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.go
@@ -4,8 +4,6 @@ import (
 	"context"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/protocol"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/inbound"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/outbound"
@@ -28,7 +26,7 @@ type OutboundOperation interface {
 func getInbound(handler inbound.Handler) (proxy.Inbound, error) {
 	gi, ok := handler.(proxy.GetInbound)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("can't get inbound proxy from handler.")
+		return nil, newError("can't get inbound proxy from handler.")
 	}
 	return gi.GetInbound(), nil
 }
@@ -41,11 +39,11 @@ func (op *AddUserOperation) ApplyInbound(ctx context.Context, handler inbound.Ha
 	}
 	um, ok := p.(proxy.UserManager)
 	if !ok {
-		return errors.New("proxy is not a UserManager")
+		return newError("proxy is not a UserManager")
 	}
 	mUser, err := op.User.ToMemoryUser()
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to parse user").Base(err)
+		return newError("failed to parse user").Base(err)
 	}
 	return um.AddUser(ctx, mUser)
 }
@@ -58,7 +56,7 @@ func (op *RemoveUserOperation) ApplyInbound(ctx context.Context, handler inbound
 	}
 	um, ok := p.(proxy.UserManager)
 	if !ok {
-		return errors.New("proxy is not a UserManager")
+		return newError("proxy is not a UserManager")
 	}
 	return um.RemoveUser(ctx, op.Email)
 }
@@ -84,61 +82,21 @@ func (s *handlerServer) RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, request *RemoveInboun
 func (s *handlerServer) AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, request *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error) {
 	rawOperation, err := request.Operation.GetInstance()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("unknown operation").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("unknown operation").Base(err)
 	}
 	operation, ok := rawOperation.(InboundOperation)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("not an inbound operation")
+		return nil, newError("not an inbound operation")
 	}

 	handler, err := s.ihm.GetHandler(ctx, request.Tag)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to get handler: ", request.Tag).Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("failed to get handler: ", request.Tag).Base(err)
 	}

 	return &AlterInboundResponse{}, operation.ApplyInbound(ctx, handler)
 }

-func (s *handlerServer) GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, request *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
-	handler, err := s.ihm.GetHandler(ctx, request.Tag)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to get handler: ", request.Tag).Base(err)
-	}
-	p, err := getInbound(handler)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	um, ok := p.(proxy.UserManager)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("proxy is not a UserManager")
-	}
-	if len(request.Email) > 0 {
-		return &GetInboundUserResponse{Users: []*protocol.User{protocol.ToProtoUser(um.GetUser(ctx, request.Email))}}, nil
-	}
-	var result = make([]*protocol.User, 0, 100)
-	users := um.GetUsers(ctx)
-	for _, u := range users {
-		result = append(result, protocol.ToProtoUser(u))
-	}
-	return &GetInboundUserResponse{Users: result}, nil
-}
-
-func (s *handlerServer) GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, request *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error) {
-	handler, err := s.ihm.GetHandler(ctx, request.Tag)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to get handler: ", request.Tag).Base(err)
-	}
-	p, err := getInbound(handler)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	um, ok := p.(proxy.UserManager)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("proxy is not a UserManager")
-	}
-	return &GetInboundUsersCountResponse{Count: um.GetUsersCount(ctx)}, nil
-}
-
 func (s *handlerServer) AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, request *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error) {
 	if err := core.AddOutboundHandler(s.s, request.Outbound); err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -153,11 +111,11 @@ func (s *handlerServer) RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, request *RemoveOutbo
 func (s *handlerServer) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, request *AlterOutboundRequest) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error) {
 	rawOperation, err := request.Operation.GetInstance()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("unknown operation").Base(err)
+		return nil, newError("unknown operation").Base(err)
 	}
 	operation, ok := rawOperation.(OutboundOperation)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("not an outbound operation")
+		return nil, newError("not an outbound operation")
 	}

 	handler := s.ohm.GetHandler(request.Tag)
@@ -177,7 +135,7 @@ func (s *service) Register(server *grpc.Server) {
 	common.Must(s.v.RequireFeatures(func(im inbound.Manager, om outbound.Manager) {
 		hs.ihm = im
 		hs.ohm = om
-	}, false))
+	}))
 	RegisterHandlerServiceServer(server, hs)

 	// For compatibility purposes
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.pb.go
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command.proto
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command.proto
@@ -37,19 +37,6 @@ message AlterInboundRequest {

 message AlterInboundResponse {}

-message GetInboundUserRequest {
-  string tag = 1;
-  string email = 2;
-}
-
-message GetInboundUserResponse {
-  repeated xray.common.protocol.User users = 1;
-}
-
-message GetInboundUsersCountResponse {
-  int64 count = 1;
-}
-
 message AddOutboundRequest {
  core.OutboundHandlerConfig outbound = 1;
 }
@@ -76,10 +63,6 @@ service HandlerService {

  rpc AlterInbound(AlterInboundRequest) returns (AlterInboundResponse) {}

-  rpc GetInboundUsers(GetInboundUserRequest) returns (GetInboundUserResponse) {}
-
-  rpc GetInboundUsersCount(GetInboundUserRequest) returns (GetInboundUsersCountResponse) {}
-
  rpc AddOutbound(AddOutboundRequest) returns (AddOutboundResponse) {}

  rpc RemoveOutbound(RemoveOutboundRequest) returns (RemoveOutboundResponse) {}
--- a/app/proxyman/command/command_grpc.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/command_grpc.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go-grpc. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.5.1
-// - protoc             v5.28.2
+// - protoc-gen-go-grpc v1.2.0
+// - protoc             v3.21.12
 // source: app/proxyman/command/command.proto

 package command
@@ -15,19 +15,8 @@ import (

 // This is a compile-time assertion to ensure that this generated file
 // is compatible with the grpc package it is being compiled against.
-// Requires gRPC-Go v1.64.0 or later.
-const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion9
-
-const (
-	HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName           = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddInbound"
-	HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveInbound"
-	HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName         = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterInbound"
-	HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName      = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/GetInboundUsers"
-	HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/GetInboundUsersCount"
-	HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName          = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddOutbound"
-	HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName       = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveOutbound"
-	HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName        = "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterOutbound"
-)
+// Requires gRPC-Go v1.32.0 or later.
+const _ = grpc.SupportPackageIsVersion7

 // HandlerServiceClient is the client API for HandlerService service.
 //
@@ -36,8 +25,6 @@ type HandlerServiceClient interface {
 	AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddInboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error)
 	AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterInboundResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error)
 	AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddOutboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error)
 	AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error)
@@ -52,9 +39,8 @@ func NewHandlerServiceClient(cc grpc.ClientConnInterface) HandlerServiceClient {
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddInboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AddInboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddInbound", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -62,9 +48,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddInboundReq
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RemoveInboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveInbound", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -72,29 +57,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveInbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveInbo
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterInbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterInboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterInboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AlterInboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsers(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(GetInboundUserResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return out, nil
-}
-
-func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *GetInboundUserRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
-	out := new(GetInboundUsersCountResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterInbound", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -102,9 +66,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) GetInboundUsersCount(ctx context.Context, in *Get
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AddOutboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AddOutboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddOutbound", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -112,9 +75,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AddOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AddOutboundR
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(RemoveOutboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveOutbound", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -122,9 +84,8 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) RemoveOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *RemoveOut
 }

 func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutboundRequest, opts ...grpc.CallOption) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error) {
-	cOpts := append([]grpc.CallOption{grpc.StaticMethod()}, opts...)
 	out := new(AlterOutboundResponse)
-	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName, in, out, cOpts...)
+	err := c.cc.Invoke(ctx, "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterOutbound", in, out, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -133,25 +94,20 @@ func (c *handlerServiceClient) AlterOutbound(ctx context.Context, in *AlterOutbo

 // HandlerServiceServer is the server API for HandlerService service.
 // All implementations must embed UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer
-// for forward compatibility.
+// for forward compatibility
 type HandlerServiceServer interface {
 	AddInbound(context.Context, *AddInboundRequest) (*AddInboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveInbound(context.Context, *RemoveInboundRequest) (*RemoveInboundResponse, error)
 	AlterInbound(context.Context, *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsers(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error)
-	GetInboundUsersCount(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error)
 	AddOutbound(context.Context, *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error)
 	RemoveOutbound(context.Context, *RemoveOutboundRequest) (*RemoveOutboundResponse, error)
 	AlterOutbound(context.Context, *AlterOutboundRequest) (*AlterOutboundResponse, error)
 	mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer()
 }

-// UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer must be embedded to have
-// forward compatible implementations.
-//
-// NOTE: this should be embedded by value instead of pointer to avoid a nil
-// pointer dereference when methods are called.
-type UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer struct{}
+// UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer must be embedded to have forward compatible implementations.
+type UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer struct {
+}

 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AddInbound(context.Context, *AddInboundRequest) (*AddInboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AddInbound not implemented")
@@ -162,12 +118,6 @@ func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) RemoveInbound(context.Context, *RemoveI
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AlterInbound(context.Context, *AlterInboundRequest) (*AlterInboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AlterInbound not implemented")
 }
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) GetInboundUsers(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUserResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetInboundUsers not implemented")
-}
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) GetInboundUsersCount(context.Context, *GetInboundUserRequest) (*GetInboundUsersCountResponse, error) {
-	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method GetInboundUsersCount not implemented")
-}
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AddOutbound(context.Context, *AddOutboundRequest) (*AddOutboundResponse, error) {
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AddOutbound not implemented")
 }
@@ -178,7 +128,6 @@ func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) AlterOutbound(context.Context, *AlterOu
 	return nil, status.Errorf(codes.Unimplemented, "method AlterOutbound not implemented")
 }
 func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) mustEmbedUnimplementedHandlerServiceServer() {}
-func (UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer) testEmbeddedByValue()                        {}

 // UnsafeHandlerServiceServer may be embedded to opt out of forward compatibility for this service.
 // Use of this interface is not recommended, as added methods to HandlerServiceServer will
@@ -188,13 +137,6 @@ type UnsafeHandlerServiceServer interface {
 }

 func RegisterHandlerServiceServer(s grpc.ServiceRegistrar, srv HandlerServiceServer) {
-	// If the following call pancis, it indicates UnimplementedHandlerServiceServer was
-	// embedded by pointer and is nil.  This will cause panics if an
-	// unimplemented method is ever invoked, so we test this at initialization
-	// time to prevent it from happening at runtime later due to I/O.
-	if t, ok := srv.(interface{ testEmbeddedByValue() }); ok {
-		t.testEmbeddedByValue()
-	}
 	s.RegisterService(&HandlerService_ServiceDesc, srv)
 }

@@ -208,7 +150,7 @@ func _HandlerService_AddInbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, de
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_AddInbound_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddInbound",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).AddInbound(ctx, req.(*AddInboundRequest))
@@ -226,7 +168,7 @@ func _HandlerService_RemoveInbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_RemoveInbound_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveInbound",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).RemoveInbound(ctx, req.(*RemoveInboundRequest))
@@ -244,7 +186,7 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_AlterInbound_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterInbound",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).AlterInbound(ctx, req.(*AlterInboundRequest))
@@ -252,42 +194,6 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
 }

-func _HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(GetInboundUserRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsers(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsers(ctx, req.(*GetInboundUserRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
-func _HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
-	in := new(GetInboundUserRequest)
-	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if interceptor == nil {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsersCount(ctx, in)
-	}
-	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
-		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_FullMethodName,
-	}
-	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
-		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).GetInboundUsersCount(ctx, req.(*GetInboundUserRequest))
-	}
-	return interceptor(ctx, in, info, handler)
-}
-
 func _HandlerService_AddOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, dec func(interface{}) error, interceptor grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor) (interface{}, error) {
 	in := new(AddOutboundRequest)
 	if err := dec(in); err != nil {
@@ -298,7 +204,7 @@ func _HandlerService_AddOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context, d
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_AddOutbound_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AddOutbound",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).AddOutbound(ctx, req.(*AddOutboundRequest))
@@ -316,7 +222,7 @@ func _HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_RemoveOutbound_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/RemoveOutbound",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).RemoveOutbound(ctx, req.(*RemoveOutboundRequest))
@@ -334,7 +240,7 @@ func _HandlerService_AlterOutbound_Handler(srv interface{}, ctx context.Context,
 	}
 	info := &grpc.UnaryServerInfo{
 		Server:     srv,
-		FullMethod: HandlerService_AlterOutbound_FullMethodName,
+		FullMethod: "/xray.app.proxyman.command.HandlerService/AlterOutbound",
 	}
 	handler := func(ctx context.Context, req interface{}) (interface{}, error) {
 		return srv.(HandlerServiceServer).AlterOutbound(ctx, req.(*AlterOutboundRequest))
@@ -361,14 +267,6 @@ var HandlerService_ServiceDesc = grpc.ServiceDesc{
 			MethodName: "AlterInbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AlterInbound_Handler,
 		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "GetInboundUsers",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_GetInboundUsers_Handler,
-		},
-		{
-			MethodName: "GetInboundUsersCount",
-			Handler:    _HandlerService_GetInboundUsersCount_Handler,
-		},
 		{
 			MethodName: "AddOutbound",
 			Handler:    _HandlerService_AddOutbound_Handler,
--- a/app/proxyman/command/doc.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/doc.go
@@ -1 +1,3 @@
 package command
+
+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
--- a/app/proxyman/command/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/command/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package command
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/proxyman/config.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.go
@@ -19,5 +19,21 @@ func (c *ReceiverConfig) GetEffectiveSniffingSettings() *SniffingConfig {
 		return c.SniffingSettings
 	}

+	if len(c.DomainOverride) > 0 {
+		var p []string
+		for _, kd := range c.DomainOverride {
+			switch kd {
+			case KnownProtocols_HTTP:
+				p = append(p, "http")
+			case KnownProtocols_TLS:
+				p = append(p, "tls")
+			}
+		}
+		return &SniffingConfig{
+			Enabled:             true,
+			DestinationOverride: p,
+		}
+	}
+
 	return nil
 }
--- a/app/proxyman/config.pb.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.pb.go
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // Code generated by protoc-gen-go. DO NOT EDIT.
 // versions:
-// 	protoc-gen-go v1.35.1
-// 	protoc        v5.28.2
+// 	protoc-gen-go v1.28.1
+// 	protoc        v3.21.12
 // source: app/proxyman/config.proto

 package proxyman
@@ -23,6 +23,52 @@ const (
 	_ = protoimpl.EnforceVersion(protoimpl.MaxVersion - 20)
 )

+type KnownProtocols int32
+
+const (
+	KnownProtocols_HTTP KnownProtocols = 0
+	KnownProtocols_TLS  KnownProtocols = 1
+)
+
+// Enum value maps for KnownProtocols.
+var (
+	KnownProtocols_name = map[int32]string{
+		0: "HTTP",
+		1: "TLS",
+	}
+	KnownProtocols_value = map[string]int32{
+		"HTTP": 0,
+		"TLS":  1,
+	}
+)
+
+func (x KnownProtocols) Enum() *KnownProtocols {
+	p := new(KnownProtocols)
+	*p = x
+	return p
+}
+
+func (x KnownProtocols) String() string {
+	return protoimpl.X.EnumStringOf(x.Descriptor(), protoreflect.EnumNumber(x))
+}
+
+func (KnownProtocols) Descriptor() protoreflect.EnumDescriptor {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[0].Descriptor()
+}
+
+func (KnownProtocols) Type() protoreflect.EnumType {
+	return &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[0]
+}
+
+func (x KnownProtocols) Number() protoreflect.EnumNumber {
+	return protoreflect.EnumNumber(x)
+}
+
+// Deprecated: Use KnownProtocols.Descriptor instead.
+func (KnownProtocols) EnumDescriptor() ([]byte, []int) {
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP(), []int{0}
+}
+
 type AllocationStrategy_Type int32

 const (
@@ -59,11 +105,11 @@ func (x AllocationStrategy_Type) String() string {
 }

 func (AllocationStrategy_Type) Descriptor() protoreflect.EnumDescriptor {
-	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[0].Descriptor()
+	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[1].Descriptor()
 }

 func (AllocationStrategy_Type) Type() protoreflect.EnumType {
-	return &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[0]
+	return &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes[1]
 }

 func (x AllocationStrategy_Type) Number() protoreflect.EnumNumber {
@@ -83,9 +129,11 @@ type InboundConfig struct {

 func (x *InboundConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = InboundConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *InboundConfig) String() string {
@@ -96,7 +144,7 @@ func (*InboundConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *InboundConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[0]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -127,9 +175,11 @@ type AllocationStrategy struct {

 func (x *AllocationStrategy) Reset() {
 	*x = AllocationStrategy{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *AllocationStrategy) String() string {
@@ -140,7 +190,7 @@ func (*AllocationStrategy) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AllocationStrategy) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -196,9 +246,11 @@ type SniffingConfig struct {

 func (x *SniffingConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = SniffingConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SniffingConfig) String() string {
@@ -209,7 +261,7 @@ func (*SniffingConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SniffingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -271,14 +323,21 @@ type ReceiverConfig struct {
 	AllocationStrategy         *AllocationStrategy    `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=allocation_strategy,json=allocationStrategy,proto3" json:"allocation_strategy,omitempty"`
 	StreamSettings             *internet.StreamConfig `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=stream_settings,json=streamSettings,proto3" json:"stream_settings,omitempty"`
 	ReceiveOriginalDestination bool                   `protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=receive_original_destination,json=receiveOriginalDestination,proto3" json:"receive_original_destination,omitempty"`
-	SniffingSettings           *SniffingConfig        `protobuf:"bytes,7,opt,name=sniffing_settings,json=sniffingSettings,proto3" json:"sniffing_settings,omitempty"`
+	// Override domains for the given protocol.
+	// Deprecated. Use sniffing_settings.
+	//
+	// Deprecated: Do not use.
+	DomainOverride   []KnownProtocols `protobuf:"varint,7,rep,packed,name=domain_override,json=domainOverride,proto3,enum=xray.app.proxyman.KnownProtocols" json:"domain_override,omitempty"`
+	SniffingSettings *SniffingConfig  `protobuf:"bytes,8,opt,name=sniffing_settings,json=sniffingSettings,proto3" json:"sniffing_settings,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *ReceiverConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = ReceiverConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *ReceiverConfig) String() string {
@@ -289,7 +348,7 @@ func (*ReceiverConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *ReceiverConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -339,6 +398,14 @@ func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetReceiveOriginalDestination() bool {
 	return false
 }

+// Deprecated: Do not use.
+func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetDomainOverride() []KnownProtocols {
+	if x != nil {
+		return x.DomainOverride
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (x *ReceiverConfig) GetSniffingSettings() *SniffingConfig {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.SniffingSettings
@@ -358,9 +425,11 @@ type InboundHandlerConfig struct {

 func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = InboundHandlerConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) String() string {
@@ -371,7 +440,7 @@ func (*InboundHandlerConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *InboundHandlerConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -415,9 +484,11 @@ type OutboundConfig struct {

 func (x *OutboundConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = OutboundConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *OutboundConfig) String() string {
@@ -428,7 +499,7 @@ func (*OutboundConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *OutboundConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -453,14 +524,15 @@ type SenderConfig struct {
 	StreamSettings    *internet.StreamConfig `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=stream_settings,json=streamSettings,proto3" json:"stream_settings,omitempty"`
 	ProxySettings     *internet.ProxyConfig  `protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=proxy_settings,json=proxySettings,proto3" json:"proxy_settings,omitempty"`
 	MultiplexSettings *MultiplexingConfig    `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=multiplex_settings,json=multiplexSettings,proto3" json:"multiplex_settings,omitempty"`
-	ViaCidr           string                 `protobuf:"bytes,5,opt,name=via_cidr,json=viaCidr,proto3" json:"via_cidr,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *SenderConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = SenderConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *SenderConfig) String() string {
@@ -471,7 +543,7 @@ func (*SenderConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *SenderConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -514,13 +586,6 @@ func (x *SenderConfig) GetMultiplexSettings() *MultiplexingConfig {
 	return nil
 }

-func (x *SenderConfig) GetViaCidr() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.ViaCidr
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 type MultiplexingConfig struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -529,18 +594,16 @@ type MultiplexingConfig struct {
 	// Whether or not Mux is enabled.
 	Enabled bool `protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=enabled,proto3" json:"enabled,omitempty"`
 	// Max number of concurrent connections that one Mux connection can handle.
-	Concurrency int32 `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=concurrency,proto3" json:"concurrency,omitempty"`
-	// Transport XUDP in another Mux.
-	XudpConcurrency int32 `protobuf:"varint,3,opt,name=xudpConcurrency,proto3" json:"xudpConcurrency,omitempty"`
-	// "reject" (default), "allow" or "skip".
-	XudpProxyUDP443 string `protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=xudpProxyUDP443,proto3" json:"xudpProxyUDP443,omitempty"`
+	Concurrency uint32 `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=concurrency,proto3" json:"concurrency,omitempty"`
 }

 func (x *MultiplexingConfig) Reset() {
 	*x = MultiplexingConfig{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *MultiplexingConfig) String() string {
@@ -551,7 +614,7 @@ func (*MultiplexingConfig) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *MultiplexingConfig) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[7]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -573,27 +636,13 @@ func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetEnabled() bool {
 	return false
 }

-func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetConcurrency() int32 {
+func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetConcurrency() uint32 {
 	if x != nil {
 		return x.Concurrency
 	}
 	return 0
 }

-func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetXudpConcurrency() int32 {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.XudpConcurrency
-	}
-	return 0
-}
-
-func (x *MultiplexingConfig) GetXudpProxyUDP443() string {
-	if x != nil {
-		return x.XudpProxyUDP443
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
 type AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency struct {
 	state         protoimpl.MessageState
 	sizeCache     protoimpl.SizeCache
@@ -604,9 +653,11 @@ type AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency struct {

 func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) Reset() {
 	*x = AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[8]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[8]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) String() string {
@@ -617,7 +668,7 @@ func (*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[8]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -649,9 +700,11 @@ type AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh struct {

 func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) Reset() {
 	*x = AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh{}
-	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[9]
-	ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
-	ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[9]
+		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
+		ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
+	}
 }

 func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) String() string {
@@ -662,7 +715,7 @@ func (*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) ProtoMessage() {}

 func (x *AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh) ProtoReflect() protoreflect.Message {
 	mi := &file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[9]
-	if x != nil {
+	if protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled && x != nil {
 		ms := protoimpl.X.MessageStateOf(protoimpl.Pointer(x))
 		if ms.LoadMessageInfo() == nil {
 			ms.StoreMessageInfo(mi)
@@ -738,7 +791,7 @@ var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x79, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52, 0x0c, 0x6d, 0x65, 0x74, 0x61, 0x64, 0x61, 0x74,
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+	0x4f, 0x6e, 0x6c, 0x79, 0x22, 0x8d, 0x04, 0x0a, 0x0e, 0x52, 0x65, 0x63, 0x65, 0x69, 0x76, 0x65,
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@@ -761,8 +814,13 @@ var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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@@ -779,7 +837,7 @@ var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
 	0x6d, 0x6d, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x2e, 0x73, 0x65, 0x72, 0x69, 0x61, 0x6c, 0x2e, 0x54, 0x79, 0x70, 0x65,
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@@ -798,25 +856,21 @@ var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc = []byte{
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-	0x79, 0x55, 0x44, 0x50, 0x34, 0x34, 0x33, 0x18, 0x04, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28, 0x09, 0x52, 0x0f, 0x78,
-	0x75, 0x64, 0x70, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x55, 0x44, 0x50, 0x34, 0x34, 0x33, 0x42, 0x55,
-	0x0a, 0x15, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70,
-	0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x26, 0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75,
-	0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d,
-	0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61,
-	0x6e, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x11, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f,
-	0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x33,
+	0x70, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x78, 0x53, 0x65, 0x74, 0x74, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x73, 0x22, 0x50, 0x0a, 0x12,
+	0x4d, 0x75, 0x6c, 0x74, 0x69, 0x70, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x78, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x67, 0x43, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x66,
+	0x69, 0x67, 0x12, 0x18, 0x0a, 0x07, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x64, 0x18, 0x01, 0x20,
+	0x01, 0x28, 0x08, 0x52, 0x07, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x61, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x65, 0x64, 0x12, 0x20, 0x0a, 0x0b,
+	0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x75, 0x72, 0x72, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x79, 0x18, 0x02, 0x20, 0x01, 0x28,
+	0x0d, 0x52, 0x0b, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x75, 0x72, 0x72, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x63, 0x79, 0x2a, 0x23,
+	0x0a, 0x0e, 0x4b, 0x6e, 0x6f, 0x77, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74, 0x6f, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6c, 0x73,
+	0x12, 0x08, 0x0a, 0x04, 0x48, 0x54, 0x54, 0x50, 0x10, 0x00, 0x12, 0x07, 0x0a, 0x03, 0x54, 0x4c,
+	0x53, 0x10, 0x01, 0x42, 0x55, 0x0a, 0x15, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2e, 0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e,
+	0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2e, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x50, 0x01, 0x5a, 0x26,
+	0x67, 0x69, 0x74, 0x68, 0x75, 0x62, 0x2e, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x6d, 0x2f, 0x78, 0x74, 0x6c, 0x73, 0x2f,
+	0x78, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2d, 0x63, 0x6f, 0x72, 0x65, 0x2f, 0x61, 0x70, 0x70, 0x2f, 0x70, 0x72,
+	0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0xaa, 0x02, 0x11, 0x58, 0x72, 0x61, 0x79, 0x2e, 0x41, 0x70,
+	0x70, 0x2e, 0x50, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x78, 0x79, 0x6d, 0x61, 0x6e, 0x62, 0x06, 0x70, 0x72, 0x6f, 0x74,
+	0x6f, 0x33,
 }

 var (
@@ -831,46 +885,48 @@ func file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescGZIP() []byte {
 	return file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDescData
 }

-var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 1)
+var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_enumTypes = make([]protoimpl.EnumInfo, 2)
 var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes = make([]protoimpl.MessageInfo, 10)
-var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_goTypes = []any{
-	(AllocationStrategy_Type)(0),                             // 0: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.Type
-	(*InboundConfig)(nil),                                    // 1: xray.app.proxyman.InboundConfig
-	(*AllocationStrategy)(nil),                               // 2: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy
-	(*SniffingConfig)(nil),                                   // 3: xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
-	(*ReceiverConfig)(nil),                                   // 4: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig
-	(*InboundHandlerConfig)(nil),                             // 5: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig
-	(*OutboundConfig)(nil),                                   // 6: xray.app.proxyman.OutboundConfig
-	(*SenderConfig)(nil),                                     // 7: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig
-	(*MultiplexingConfig)(nil),                               // 8: xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
-	(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency)(nil), // 9: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyConcurrency
-	(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh)(nil),     // 10: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyRefresh
-	(*net.PortList)(nil),                                     // 11: xray.common.net.PortList
-	(*net.IPOrDomain)(nil),                                   // 12: xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
-	(*internet.StreamConfig)(nil),                            // 13: xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
-	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil),                              // 14: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	(*internet.ProxyConfig)(nil),                             // 15: xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
+var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_goTypes = []interface{}{
+	(KnownProtocols)(0),                                      // 0: xray.app.proxyman.KnownProtocols
+	(AllocationStrategy_Type)(0),                             // 1: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.Type
+	(*InboundConfig)(nil),                                    // 2: xray.app.proxyman.InboundConfig
+	(*AllocationStrategy)(nil),                               // 3: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy
+	(*SniffingConfig)(nil),                                   // 4: xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
+	(*ReceiverConfig)(nil),                                   // 5: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig
+	(*InboundHandlerConfig)(nil),                             // 6: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig
+	(*OutboundConfig)(nil),                                   // 7: xray.app.proxyman.OutboundConfig
+	(*SenderConfig)(nil),                                     // 8: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig
+	(*MultiplexingConfig)(nil),                               // 9: xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
+	(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency)(nil), // 10: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyConcurrency
+	(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh)(nil),     // 11: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyRefresh
+	(*net.PortList)(nil),                                     // 12: xray.common.net.PortList
+	(*net.IPOrDomain)(nil),                                   // 13: xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	(*internet.StreamConfig)(nil),                            // 14: xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
+	(*serial.TypedMessage)(nil),                              // 15: xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	(*internet.ProxyConfig)(nil),                             // 16: xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
 }
 var file_app_proxyman_config_proto_depIdxs = []int32{
-	0,  // 0: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.type:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.Type
-	9,  // 1: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.concurrency:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyConcurrency
-	10, // 2: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.refresh:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyRefresh
-	11, // 3: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.port_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
-	12, // 4: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.listen:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
-	2,  // 5: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.allocation_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy
-	13, // 6: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
-	3,  // 7: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.sniffing_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
-	14, // 8: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.receiver_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	14, // 9: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
-	12, // 10: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.via:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
-	13, // 11: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
-	15, // 12: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
-	8,  // 13: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.multiplex_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for method output_type
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for method input_type
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for extension type_name
-	14, // [14:14] is the sub-list for extension extendee
-	0,  // [0:14] is the sub-list for field type_name
+	1,  // 0: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.type:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.Type
+	10, // 1: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.concurrency:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyConcurrency
+	11, // 2: xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.refresh:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy.AllocationStrategyRefresh
+	12, // 3: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.port_list:type_name -> xray.common.net.PortList
+	13, // 4: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.listen:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	3,  // 5: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.allocation_strategy:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.AllocationStrategy
+	14, // 6: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
+	0,  // 7: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.domain_override:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.KnownProtocols
+	4,  // 8: xray.app.proxyman.ReceiverConfig.sniffing_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.SniffingConfig
+	15, // 9: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.receiver_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	15, // 10: xray.app.proxyman.InboundHandlerConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.common.serial.TypedMessage
+	13, // 11: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.via:type_name -> xray.common.net.IPOrDomain
+	14, // 12: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.stream_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig
+	16, // 13: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.proxy_settings:type_name -> xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig
+	9,  // 14: xray.app.proxyman.SenderConfig.multiplex_settings:type_name -> xray.app.proxyman.MultiplexingConfig
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for method output_type
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for method input_type
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for extension type_name
+	15, // [15:15] is the sub-list for extension extendee
+	0,  // [0:15] is the sub-list for field type_name
 }

 func init() { file_app_proxyman_config_proto_init() }
@@ -878,12 +934,134 @@ func file_app_proxyman_config_proto_init() {
 	if File_app_proxyman_config_proto != nil {
 		return
 	}
+	if !protoimpl.UnsafeEnabled {
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[0].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*InboundConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[1].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*AllocationStrategy); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[2].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SniffingConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[3].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*ReceiverConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[4].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*InboundHandlerConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[5].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*OutboundConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[6].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*SenderConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[7].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*MultiplexingConfig); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[8].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyConcurrency); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+		file_app_proxyman_config_proto_msgTypes[9].Exporter = func(v interface{}, i int) interface{} {
+			switch v := v.(*AllocationStrategy_AllocationStrategyRefresh); i {
+			case 0:
+				return &v.state
+			case 1:
+				return &v.sizeCache
+			case 2:
+				return &v.unknownFields
+			default:
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	type x struct{}
 	out := protoimpl.TypeBuilder{
 		File: protoimpl.DescBuilder{
 			GoPackagePath: reflect.TypeOf(x{}).PkgPath(),
 			RawDescriptor: file_app_proxyman_config_proto_rawDesc,
-			NumEnums:      1,
+			NumEnums:      2,
 			NumMessages:   10,
 			NumExtensions: 0,
 			NumServices:   0,
--- a/app/proxyman/config.proto
+++ b/app/proxyman/config.proto
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@ message AllocationStrategy {
  AllocationStrategyRefresh refresh = 3;
 }

+enum KnownProtocols {
+  HTTP = 0;
+  TLS = 1;
+}
+
 message SniffingConfig {
  // Whether or not to enable content sniffing on an inbound connection.
  bool enabled = 1;
@@ -66,7 +71,10 @@ message ReceiverConfig {
  xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig stream_settings = 4;
  bool receive_original_destination = 5;
  reserved 6;
-  SniffingConfig sniffing_settings = 7;
+  // Override domains for the given protocol.
+  // Deprecated. Use sniffing_settings.
+  repeated KnownProtocols domain_override = 7 [ deprecated = true ];
+  SniffingConfig sniffing_settings = 8;
 }

 message InboundHandlerConfig {
@@ -83,16 +91,11 @@ message SenderConfig {
  xray.transport.internet.StreamConfig stream_settings = 2;
  xray.transport.internet.ProxyConfig proxy_settings = 3;
  MultiplexingConfig multiplex_settings = 4;
-  string via_cidr = 5;
 }

 message MultiplexingConfig {
  // Whether or not Mux is enabled.
  bool enabled = 1;
  // Max number of concurrent connections that one Mux connection can handle.
-  int32 concurrency = 2;
-  // Transport XUDP in another Mux.
-  int32 xudpConcurrency = 3;
-  // "reject" (default), "allow" or "skip".
-  string xudpProxyUDP443 = 4;
+  uint32 concurrency = 2;
 }
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/always.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/always.go
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 	}
 	p, ok := rawProxy.(proxy.Inbound)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("not an inbound proxy.")
+		return nil, newError("not an inbound proxy.")
 	}

 	h := &AlwaysOnInboundHandler{
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *

 	mss, err := internet.ToMemoryStreamConfig(receiverConfig.StreamSettings)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse stream config").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		return nil, newError("failed to parse stream config").Base(err).AtWarning()
 	}

 	if receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination {
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 	}
 	if pl == nil {
 		if net.HasNetwork(nl, net.Network_UNIX) {
-			errors.LogDebug(ctx, "creating unix domain socket worker on ", address)
+			newError("creating unix domain socket worker on ", address).AtDebug().WriteToLog()

 			worker := &dsWorker{
 				address:         address,
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func NewAlwaysOnInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *
 		for _, pr := range pl.Range {
 			for port := pr.From; port <= pr.To; port++ {
 				if net.HasNetwork(nl, net.Network_TCP) {
-					errors.LogDebug(ctx, "creating stream worker on ", address, ":", port)
+					newError("creating stream worker on ", address, ":", port).AtDebug().WriteToLog()

 					worker := &tcpWorker{
 						address:         address,
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func (h *AlwaysOnInboundHandler) Close() error {
 	}
 	errs = append(errs, h.mux.Close())
 	if err := errors.Combine(errs...); err != nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to close all resources").Base(err)
+		return newError("failed to close all resources").Base(err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/dynamic.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/dynamic.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/dice"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/mux"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/task"
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ type DynamicInboundHandler struct {
 	receiverConfig *proxyman.ReceiverConfig
 	streamSettings *internet.MemoryStreamConfig
 	portMutex      sync.Mutex
-	portsInUse     map[net.Port]struct{}
+	portsInUse     map[net.Port]bool
 	workerMutex    sync.RWMutex
 	worker         []worker
 	lastRefresh    time.Time
@@ -39,7 +38,7 @@ func NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *p
 		tag:            tag,
 		proxyConfig:    proxyConfig,
 		receiverConfig: receiverConfig,
-		portsInUse:     make(map[net.Port]struct{}),
+		portsInUse:     make(map[net.Port]bool),
 		mux:            mux.NewServer(ctx),
 		v:              v,
 		ctx:            ctx,
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@ func NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string, receiverConfig *p

 	mss, err := internet.ToMemoryStreamConfig(receiverConfig.StreamSettings)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.New("failed to parse stream settings").Base(err).AtWarning()
+		return nil, newError("failed to parse stream settings").Base(err).AtWarning()
 	}
 	if receiverConfig.ReceiveOriginalDestination {
 		if mss.SocketSettings == nil {
@@ -84,7 +83,7 @@ func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) allocatePort() net.Port {
 		port := net.Port(allPorts[r])
 		_, used := h.portsInUse[port]
 		if !used {
-			h.portsInUse[port] = struct{}{}
+			h.portsInUse[port] = true
 			return port
 		}
 	}
@@ -95,7 +94,7 @@ func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) closeWorkers(workers []worker) {
 	for idx, worker := range workers {
 		ports2Del[idx] = worker.Port()
 		if err := worker.Close(); err != nil {
-			errors.LogInfoInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to close worker")
+			newError("failed to close worker").Base(err).WriteToLog()
 		}
 	}

@@ -124,7 +123,7 @@ func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) refresh() error {
 		port := h.allocatePort()
 		rawProxy, err := core.CreateObject(h.v, h.proxyConfig)
 		if err != nil {
-			errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create proxy instance")
+			newError("failed to create proxy instance").Base(err).AtWarning().WriteToLog()
 			continue
 		}
 		p := rawProxy.(proxy.Inbound)
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) refresh() error {
 				ctx:             h.ctx,
 			}
 			if err := worker.Start(); err != nil {
-				errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create TCP worker")
+				newError("failed to create TCP worker").Base(err).AtWarning().WriteToLog()
 				continue
 			}
 			workers = append(workers, worker)
@@ -164,7 +163,7 @@ func (h *DynamicInboundHandler) refresh() error {
 				ctx:             h.ctx,
 			}
 			if err := worker.Start(); err != nil {
-				errors.LogWarningInner(h.ctx, err, "failed to create UDP worker")
+				newError("failed to create UDP worker").Base(err).AtWarning().WriteToLog()
 				continue
 			}
 			workers = append(workers, worker)
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package inbound
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/inbound.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/inbound.go
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 package inbound

+//go:generate go run github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors/errorgen
+
 import (
 	"context"
 	"sync"

 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/core"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/features/inbound"
 )

-// Manager manages all inbound handlers.
+// Manager is to manage all inbound handlers.
 type Manager struct {
 	access          sync.RWMutex
 	untaggedHandler []inbound.Handler
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func (m *Manager) AddHandler(ctx context.Context, handler inbound.Handler) error
 	tag := handler.Tag()
 	if len(tag) > 0 {
 		if _, found := m.taggedHandlers[tag]; found {
-			return errors.New("existing tag found: " + tag)
+			return newError("existing tag found: " + tag)
 		}
 		m.taggedHandlers[tag] = handler
 	} else {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func (m *Manager) GetHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string) (inbound.Handler,

 	handler, found := m.taggedHandlers[tag]
 	if !found {
-		return nil, errors.New("handler not found: ", tag)
+		return nil, newError("handler not found: ", tag)
 	}
 	return handler, nil
 }
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func (m *Manager) RemoveHandler(ctx context.Context, tag string) error {

 	if handler, found := m.taggedHandlers[tag]; found {
 		if err := handler.Close(); err != nil {
-			errors.LogWarningInner(ctx, err, "failed to close handler ", tag)
+			newError("failed to close handler ", tag).Base(err).AtWarning().WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 		}
 		delete(m.taggedHandlers, tag)
 		return nil
@@ -117,20 +117,20 @@ func (m *Manager) Close() error {

 	m.running = false

-	var errs []interface{}
+	var errors []interface{}
 	for _, handler := range m.taggedHandlers {
 		if err := handler.Close(); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 	}
 	for _, handler := range m.untaggedHandler {
 		if err := handler.Close(); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 	}

-	if len(errs) > 0 {
-		return errors.New("failed to close all handlers").Base(errors.New(serial.Concat(errs...)))
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		return newError("failed to close all handlers").Base(newError(serial.Concat(errors...)))
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.InboundHandlerConfig) (inbound

 	receiverSettings, ok := rawReceiverSettings.(*proxyman.ReceiverConfig)
 	if !ok {
-		return nil, errors.New("not a ReceiverConfig").AtError()
+		return nil, newError("not a ReceiverConfig").AtError()
 	}

 	streamSettings := receiverSettings.StreamSettings
@@ -159,9 +159,6 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.InboundHandlerConfig) (inbound
 			Mark: streamSettings.SocketSettings.Mark,
 		})
 	}
-	if streamSettings != nil && streamSettings.ProtocolName == "splithttp" {
-		ctx = session.ContextWithAllowedNetwork(ctx, net.Network_UDP)
-	}

 	allocStrategy := receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy
 	if allocStrategy == nil || allocStrategy.Type == proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Always {
@@ -171,7 +168,7 @@ func NewHandler(ctx context.Context, config *core.InboundHandlerConfig) (inbound
 	if allocStrategy.Type == proxyman.AllocationStrategy_Random {
 		return NewDynamicInboundHandler(ctx, tag, receiverSettings, proxySettings)
 	}
-	return nil, errors.New("unknown allocation strategy: ", receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy.Type).AtError()
+	return nil, newError("unknown allocation strategy: ", receiverSettings.AllocationStrategy.Type).AtError()
 }

 func init() {
--- a/app/proxyman/inbound/worker.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/inbound/worker.go
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/app/proxyman"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/buf"
-	c "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/ctx"
-	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/net"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/serial"
 	"github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/session"
@@ -60,16 +58,15 @@ func getTProxyType(s *internet.MemoryStreamConfig) internet.SocketConfig_TProxyM
 func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(w.ctx)
 	sid := session.NewID()
-	ctx = c.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)
+	ctx = session.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)

-	outbounds := []*session.Outbound{{}}
 	if w.recvOrigDest {
 		var dest net.Destination
 		switch getTProxyType(w.stream) {
 		case internet.SocketConfig_Redirect:
 			d, err := tcp.GetOriginalDestination(conn)
 			if err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "failed to get original destination")
+				newError("failed to get original destination").Base(err).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 			} else {
 				dest = d
 			}
@@ -77,10 +74,11 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 			dest = net.DestinationFromAddr(conn.LocalAddr())
 		}
 		if dest.IsValid() {
-			outbounds[0].Target = dest
+			ctx = session.ContextWithOutbound(ctx, &session.Outbound{
+				Target: dest,
+			})
 		}
 	}
-	ctx = session.ContextWithOutbounds(ctx, outbounds)

 	if w.uplinkCounter != nil || w.downlinkCounter != nil {
 		conn = &stat.CounterConnection{
@@ -107,7 +105,7 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	ctx = session.ContextWithContent(ctx, content)

 	if err := w.proxy.Process(ctx, net.Network_TCP, conn, w.dispatcher); err != nil {
-		errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "connection ends")
+		newError("connection ends").Base(err).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 	}
 	cancel()
 	conn.Close()
@@ -123,24 +121,24 @@ func (w *tcpWorker) Start() error {
 		go w.callback(conn)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to listen TCP on ", w.port).AtWarning().Base(err)
+		return newError("failed to listen TCP on ", w.port).AtWarning().Base(err)
 	}
 	w.hub = hub
 	return nil
 }

 func (w *tcpWorker) Close() error {
-	var errs []interface{}
+	var errors []interface{}
 	if w.hub != nil {
 		if err := common.Close(w.hub); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 		if err := common.Close(w.proxy); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 	}
-	if len(errs) > 0 {
-		return errors.New("failed to close all resources").Base(errors.New(serial.Concat(errs...)))
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		return newError("failed to close all resources").Base(newError(serial.Concat(errors...)))
 	}

 	return nil
@@ -308,13 +306,13 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 		go func() {
 			ctx := w.ctx
 			sid := session.NewID()
-			ctx = c.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)
+			ctx = session.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)

-			outbounds := []*session.Outbound{{}}
 			if originalDest.IsValid() {
-				outbounds[0].Target = originalDest
+				ctx = session.ContextWithOutbound(ctx, &session.Outbound{
+					Target: originalDest,
+				})
 			}
-			ctx = session.ContextWithOutbounds(ctx, outbounds)
 			ctx = session.ContextWithInbound(ctx, &session.Inbound{
 				Source:  source,
 				Gateway: net.UDPDestination(w.address, w.port),
@@ -329,7 +327,7 @@ func (w *udpWorker) callback(b *buf.Buffer, source net.Destination, originalDest
 			}
 			ctx = session.ContextWithContent(ctx, content)
 			if err := w.proxy.Process(ctx, net.Network_UDP, conn, w.dispatcher); err != nil {
-				errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "connection ends")
+				newError("connection ends").Base(err).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 			}
 			conn.Close()
 			// conn not removed by checker TODO may be lock worker here is better
@@ -360,11 +358,11 @@ func (w *udpWorker) clean() error {
 	defer w.Unlock()

 	if len(w.activeConn) == 0 {
-		return errors.New("no more connections. stopping...")
+		return newError("no more connections. stopping...")
 	}

 	for addr, conn := range w.activeConn {
-		if nowSec-atomic.LoadInt64(&conn.lastActivityTime) > 2*60 {
+		if nowSec-atomic.LoadInt64(&conn.lastActivityTime) > 5*60 { // TODO Timeout too small
 			if !conn.inactive {
 				conn.setInactive()
 				delete(w.activeConn, addr)
@@ -404,26 +402,26 @@ func (w *udpWorker) Close() error {
 	w.Lock()
 	defer w.Unlock()

-	var errs []interface{}
+	var errors []interface{}

 	if w.hub != nil {
 		if err := w.hub.Close(); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 	}

 	if w.checker != nil {
 		if err := w.checker.Close(); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 	}

 	if err := common.Close(w.proxy); err != nil {
-		errs = append(errs, err)
+		errors = append(errors, err)
 	}

-	if len(errs) > 0 {
-		return errors.New("failed to close all resources").Base(errors.New(serial.Concat(errs...)))
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		return newError("failed to close all resources").Base(newError(serial.Concat(errors...)))
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -454,7 +452,7 @@ type dsWorker struct {
 func (w *dsWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(w.ctx)
 	sid := session.NewID()
-	ctx = c.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)
+	ctx = session.ContextWithID(ctx, sid)

 	if w.uplinkCounter != nil || w.downlinkCounter != nil {
 		conn = &stat.CounterConnection{
@@ -481,11 +479,11 @@ func (w *dsWorker) callback(conn stat.Connection) {
 	ctx = session.ContextWithContent(ctx, content)

 	if err := w.proxy.Process(ctx, net.Network_UNIX, conn, w.dispatcher); err != nil {
-		errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "connection ends")
+		newError("connection ends").Base(err).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 	}
 	cancel()
 	if err := conn.Close(); err != nil {
-		errors.LogInfoInner(ctx, err, "failed to close connection")
+		newError("failed to close connection").Base(err).WriteToLog(session.ExportIDToError(ctx))
 	}
 }

@@ -503,24 +501,24 @@ func (w *dsWorker) Start() error {
 		go w.callback(conn)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.New("failed to listen Unix Domain Socket on ", w.address).AtWarning().Base(err)
+		return newError("failed to listen Unix Domain Socket on ", w.address).AtWarning().Base(err)
 	}
 	w.hub = hub
 	return nil
 }

 func (w *dsWorker) Close() error {
-	var errs []interface{}
+	var errors []interface{}
 	if w.hub != nil {
 		if err := common.Close(w.hub); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 		if err := common.Close(w.proxy); err != nil {
-			errs = append(errs, err)
+			errors = append(errors, err)
 		}
 	}
-	if len(errs) > 0 {
-		return errors.New("failed to close all resources").Base(errors.New(serial.Concat(errs...)))
+	if len(errors) > 0 {
+		return newError("failed to close all resources").Base(newError(serial.Concat(errors...)))
 	}

 	return nil
--- a/app/proxyman/outbound/errors.generated.go
+++ b/app/proxyman/outbound/errors.generated.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package outbound
+
+import "github.com/xtls/xray-core/common/errors"
+
+type errPathObjHolder struct{}
+
+func newError(values ...interface{}) *errors.Error {
+	return errors.New(values...).WithPathObj(errPathObjHolder{})
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
世界	3b8f09153e	Split utls library	2023-02-21 23:00:30 +08:00
世界	0188c2d67d	Add uTLS support for shadowtls	2023-02-21 20:48:18 +08:00
世界	6fb673aee4	Add config check	2023-02-21 19:48:09 +08:00
世界	d6c2a9aab7	Add shadow-tls support	2023-02-21 19:19:47 +08:00